Study of anti-S1-protein IgG antibody levels as potential correlates of protection against breakthrough infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants

IF 1.1 4区医学 Q4 VIROLOGY

Acta virologica Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI:10.3389/av.2023.11652

I. Kajanová, Z. Radiková, Ľ. Lukáčiková, L. Jelenska, Katarina Grossmannova, Martina Belisova, J. Kopáček, S. Pastoreková

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Despite considerable efforts, the scientific community has not yet succeeded to define uniform correlate of protection (CoP) against SARS-CoV-2 infections based on the level of specific (receptor-binding domain (RBD)-targeting or neutralizing) antibodies (Perry et al., 2022). Obviously, this is because of the high complexity and great interindividual variability of the immune response. Although the share of cellular immunity in the response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is considerable, it would not be appropriate to underestimate the protective function of specific antibodies. Increase in their level generally correlates with a decrease in the probability of infection as well as the probability of a more severe course of the disease (Khoury et al., 2021). Determining the quantity of specific antibodies providing CoP is, however, challenging precisely in view of the individual characteristics of the T-cell branch of the immune system. However, that does not diminish the significance of studying the protective function of antibodies generated after vaccination or infection with different variants of SARS-CoV-2 against breakthrough infections with new variants of the virus. Antibodies against the RBD domain of the S1 subunit of the Spike protein have the greatest importance in the neutralization of viral particles (Dolscheid-Pommerich et al., 2022). At the same time, the OPEN ACCESS

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抗S1-蛋白IgG抗体水平作为预防严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型奥密克戎BA.1和BA.2变异株突破性感染的潜在相关性的研究

尽管做出了相当大的努力，但科学界尚未成功地根据特异性（受体结合域（RBD）-靶向或中和）抗体的水平来定义针对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的统一保护相关性（CoP）（Perry等人，2022）。显然，这是因为免疫反应的高度复杂性和个体间的巨大变异性。尽管细胞免疫在应对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染中的份额相当大，但低估特定抗体的保护功能是不合适的。它们水平的增加通常与感染概率的降低以及更严重病程的概率有关（Khoury等人，2021）。然而，准确地考虑到免疫系统T细胞分支的个体特征，确定提供CoP的特异性抗体的数量是具有挑战性的。然而，这并没有削弱研究接种疫苗或感染不同变异的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型后产生的抗体对新变异病毒突破性感染的保护作用的重要性。针对刺突蛋白S1亚基RBD结构域的抗体在中和病毒颗粒中具有最大的重要性（Dolscheid-Pommerich等人，2022）。同时，OPEN ACCESS

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来源期刊

Acta virologica 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

11.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta virologica is an international journal of predominantly molecular and cellular virology. Acta virologica aims to publish papers reporting original results of fundamental and applied research mainly on human, animal and plant viruses at cellular and molecular level. As a matter of tradition, also rickettsiae are included. Areas of interest are virus structure and morphology, molecular biology of virus-cell interactions, molecular genetics of viruses, pathogenesis of viral diseases, viral immunology, vaccines, antiviral drugs and viral diagnostics.