A New Intelligent Weak Fault Recognition Framework for Rotating Machinery

Abstract

The presence of strong background noises makes it a challenging task to detect weak fault characteristics in vibration signals collected from rotating machinery. Thus, a two-stage intelligent weak fault recognition framework, which includes signal enhancement and intelligent recognition, is proposed in this work. The signal enhancement is accomplished via an optimized relevant variational mode decomposition (ORVMD) algorithm. Specifically, the optimal parameters is derived by combining a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and the novel defined relevant energy (Re) index. This optimized VMD algorithm can extract the principal components from the raw signals. Then, the enhanced vibration signals via the proposed ORVMD are converted into spectral signals and fed into an improved stacked auto-encoder (ISAE) algorithm for fault recognition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and fault diagnosis framework in rotating machinery fault recognition and detection.