Explaining Out-Group Bias in Weak States

IF 4.5 1区 社会学 Q1 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Volha Charnysh
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract Two dominant explanations for ethnic bias in distributional outcomes are electoral incentives and out-group prejudice. This article proposes a novel and complementary explanation for the phenomenon: variation in legibility across ethnic groups. The author argues that states will allocate fewer resources to groups from which they cannot gather accurate information or collect taxes. The argument is supported by original data on state aid from the 1891/1892 famine in the Russian Empire. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that districts with a larger Muslim population experienced higher famine mortality and received less generous public assistance. The Muslims, historically ruled via religious intermediaries, were less legible to state officials and generated lower fiscal revenues. State officials could not count on the repayment of food loans or collect tax arrears from Muslim communes, so they were more likely to withhold aid. State relief did not vary with the presence of other minorities that were more legible and generated more revenue.
弱状态下群外偏倚的解释
摘要分配结果中种族偏见的两种主要解释是选举激励和群体外偏见。本文对这一现象提出了一种新颖而互补的解释:不同种族群体的易读性差异。作者认为,各州将减少向无法收集准确信息或征税的群体分配的资源。这一论点得到了1891/1892年俄罗斯帝国饥荒期间国家援助的原始数据的支持。定性和定量分析表明,穆斯林人口较多的地区饥荒死亡率较高,获得的公共援助较少。历史上通过宗教中介统治的穆斯林,对国家官员来说不太容易辨认,财政收入也较低。国家官员无法指望偿还粮食贷款,也无法向穆斯林社区收取拖欠税款,因此他们更有可能扣留援助。国家救济并不因其他少数群体的存在而有所不同,这些少数群体更容易辨认,并产生更多收入。
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来源期刊
World Politics
World Politics Multiple-
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: World Politics, founded in 1948, is an internationally renowned quarterly journal of political science published in both print and online versions. Open to contributions by scholars, World Politics invites submission of research articles that make theoretical and empirical contributions to the literature, review articles, and research notes bearing on problems in international relations and comparative politics. The journal does not publish articles on current affairs, policy pieces, or narratives of a journalistic nature. Articles submitted for consideration are unsolicited, except for review articles, which are usually commissioned. Published for the Princeton Institute for International and Regional Affairs
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