Relationship Between Second-to-Fourth Digit Ratio (as a Biomarker) and Tramadol Dependence

IF 1.1 Q3 Medicine

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI:10.1097/ADT.0000000000000232

F. N. Khalifa, Somaya H. Shaheen, M. Magdi, H. Basyoni

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Abstract

Objectives: Digit ratio (2D:4D ratio), the ratio between the length of the second and fourth fingers, is considered a putative biomarker of prenatal testosterone exposure relative to estrogen exposure, consequently it has been linked to several behaviors within the personality such as academic performance, nicotine and alcohol misuse, and also with other behaviors. Our aim is to investigate any possible association between 2D:4D ratios and tramadol dependence. Participants and Methods: A group of 99 male patients with tramadol dependence [diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)] were interviewed and their digital ratios were (2D:4D ratios) measured, then the findings were compared with 99 healthy males. Results: Patients with tramadol dependence had lower 2D:4D ratios of their right and left hands when compared with those without tramadol use disorder. There was no significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio and age of patients, age of onset, duration, and amount of tramadol use. Conclusion: These findings suggest that high prenatal exposure to testosterone levels could be associated with tramadol dependence as detected by a lower 2D:4D ratio.

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第二到第四位数比率(作为生物标志物)与曲马多依赖性的关系

目的：数字比率（2D:4D比率），即第二指和第四指长度之间的比率，被认为是产前睾酮暴露相对于雌激素暴露的假定生物标志物，因此它与人格中的几种行为有关，如学习成绩、尼古丁和酒精滥用，也与其他行为有关。我们的目的是研究2D:4D比率与曲马多依赖性之间的任何可能关联。参与者和方法：对99名曲马多依赖性男性患者[根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）诊断]进行访谈，测量他们的数字比率（2D:4D比率），然后将结果与99名健康男性进行比较。结果：与没有曲马多使用障碍的患者相比，曲马多依赖性患者的右手和左手的2D:4D比率较低。2D:4D比率与患者年龄、发病年龄、持续时间和曲马多使用量之间没有显著相关性。结论：这些发现表明，通过较低的2D:4D比率检测，产前高水平的睾酮暴露可能与曲马多依赖性有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

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期刊介绍： Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment is a quarterly international journal devoted to practical clinical research and treatment issues related to the misuses of alcohol and licit and illicit drugs and the study and treatment of addictive disorders and their behaviors. The journal publishes broad-spectrum, patient-oriented coverage of all aspects of addiction, directed toward an audience of psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychopharmacologists, and primary care practitioners. Original articles help clinicians make more educated, effective decisions regarding optimal patient management and care. In-depth reviews examine current understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of addiction disorders.