On the main directions of development of centers of public health and medical prevention in Russia (literature review)

Abstract

At present, besides of the particular important preventive orientation of the health service, the creation of a unified preventive environment in society becomes the most relevant. According to the official statistical data, unfavourable trends of increasing in primary and common morbidity are noted. In adolescent group of population, the propagation of diseases of endocrine system (obesity, diabetes mellitus) and of urogenital system intensively increases. Among adult population as previously the first place belongs to diseases of cardiovascular system. With the purpose to change existing conditions, the priority attention is to be focused on processes of sanitary hygienic education of children and adolescent population and measures of overcoming harmful habits, and the implementation of new technologies into functioning of public health and medical prevention centers. The purpose of the study is to determine possible basic directions of development of public health and medical prevention centers in the Russian Federation as examplified by management of prevention of non-communicable diseases in population of various age categories. Material and methods. The theoretical material of the research was the Federal legislation, normative and legislative acts, scientific publications of such bases as eLibrary (RSCI), CyberLeninka, MedLine, Scopus. In the course of this research, bibliographic, informational and analytical method, content analysis, and a comparative analysis were applied. The certain characteristics of public health and medical prevention centers activities for different age groups were systematized and presented as exemplified by management of prevention on non-infectious diseases in population, main directions of development of these medical institutions were determined, considering current demographic situation and implementation of new health-saving technologies. Conclusions. The analysis demonstrated the introduction of new management technologies and tools in public health and medical prevention centers will increase the interest of patients in their health, awareness of the population of different age groups about the existence of these medical institutions, and ensure preventive activity of citizens.