Paraje del Malpais (AZ FF:12:69, ASM): A Vázquez de Coronado Expedition Encampment in the San Bernardino Valley, Arizona

Abstract

A Vázquez de Coronado expedition site in the San Bernardino Valley, represents one of five of the first verifiable Coronado expedition sites found in the state. Paraje del Malpais (AZ FF:12:69, ASM) is adjacent to a spring and catchment pool that likely once provided reliable surface water. Earlier and later petroglyphs include water-related symbols suggesting this trail was used since time immemorial. A spatially separated boulder shows images that are consistent with sixteenth-century dress, footwear, and headgear. A related inscription seemingly reads “Tobar” -a member of the expedition who led a detachment and escorted residents of San Geronimo north to Tiguex in 1541. Clearings in the rocky terraces represent tent or sleeping circles and an iron mule shoe is diagnostic of this period. Another Coronado period artifact is present along this drainage five miles away. Both suggest this was a route taken by the Coronado expedition.