Retrospective Study Assessing Breast Cancer Occurrence and its Risk Factors among Females at Al Ahsa

Abstract

Background: Knowing incidence for, breast cancer, co-morbidities, diagnosis and treatment methods given a strategic approach for community awareness and rapid management. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. Total of 183 confirmed breast cancer female patients from 2007-2014 were included but the available reviewed cases were 120. Females with any other type of cancer and any breast cancer (BC) case before 2007 were excluded. IRB approvals have been obtained. Results: Overall result showed that age of Breast cancer female patients ranged from 40-60 with mean (51.9 ± 14.4). The overall mean of Body Mass Index was (31.1 ± 07.6). The most common comorbidities associated with Breast Cancer females were diabetes, hypertension and heart disease (49.1%; 48.2% and 18.9%). Most Breast Cancer cases were diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (79.3%). 48% of the discovered tumor was dominating in the left side of the breast (48.3%). 54.1% of BC females were diagnosed with a tumor size of 2-5cm (T2). 39.4% of BC cases were diagnosed as grade III. Most of the cases (80%) in 2007 were positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) but it decreased to 27.3% positive cases in 2014. The disease manifestations were a mass in the breast -lump (98.2%), pain (98.2%) and lymph node involvement (66.4%).The first line of treatment used for those patients included mastectomy (79.6%), chemotherapy (67.9%), radiation (34.0%) and hormonal (15.0%). Conclusion: Current study support and validate the scientific body of knowledge about BC in Saudi Arabia. Each year, the incidence rates increase specially for age above 50. According to Body Mass Index values, there were indications that the cases were obese. Diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease were the common co-morbidities among females with Breast Cancer. Cases of BC were managed by more than one approach such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal treatment.