Effect of hygrothermal condition on single-lab shear behavior of induction-welded CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites

Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of hygrothermal conditions on the single-lap shear strength of a carbon fiber/poly-ether-ketone-ketone (CF/PEKK) thermoplastic composite material fabricated by induction welding. Specimens were exposed to an 85 °C/85% environment using a temperature and humidity chamber to identify the effect of moisture on single-lap shear strength, while their moisture saturation was assessed through weight measurement. Single-lap shear strength tests were performed on the dried and saturated specimens at 25 °C and 100 °C to 180 °C at 20 °C intervals. At 160 °C, the strength of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites rapidly declined to 76% (dried specimens) and 78% (moist specimens). The fracture surfaces and failure modes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy images, which confirmed an increase in the degraded areas and naked fibers at higher testing temperatures. In addition, it was found that exposure to a moist environment changes the failure mode from fiber bundles and fiber/matrix failure to naked fiber and matrix failure owing to the reduction in interfacial adhesion properties. The findings confirmed that hygrothermal conditions directly affect the degradation of the CF/PEKK thermoplastic composites and that a rapid reduction in the single-lap shear strength occurs above Tg.