A Short History of Feather Fans' Spread and Cultural Connotations: From Bronze Age Africa East to China and West to Europe

IF 0.7 2区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of World History Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI:10.1353/jwh.2022.0000

K. Carr

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract:As archaeological evidence shows, the earliest feather hand fans were not from China, but spread north from Sudan to New Kingdom Egypt. They reached Greece in the 400s b.c. and Italy a century later. By about a. d. 200, feather fans spread eastward from Africa to China along Indian Ocean trade routes. This spread of feather fans across Afro-Eurasia was accompanied by shifting cultural associations. Early African and Southwest Asian ostrich and peacock feather fans seem to have symbolized rebirth. As imported luxury objects in Greece and Rome (as in the Americas), fans signified wealth and sophistication. But at both ends of the Silk Road, in China and Europe, feather fans also stood in for the suspect foreign immigrant. In Renaissance Europe, fans still represented resurrection and sophistication, but after the Reformation, fans lost their connection to rebirth, and instead developed Orientalist, feminizing connotations that supported powerful colonial and commercial interests.

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羽扇传播简史及其文化内涵——从青铜时代的非洲到中国，从西方到欧洲

摘要：考古证据表明，最早的羽扇并非来自中国，而是从苏丹向北传播到新王国埃及。他们在公元前400年代到达希腊，一个世纪后到达意大利。大约在公元200年，羽扇沿着印度洋贸易路线从非洲向东传播到中国。羽毛扇在非洲-欧亚大陆的传播伴随着文化联想的转变。早期非洲和西南亚的鸵鸟和孔雀羽毛爱好者似乎象征着重生。作为希腊和罗马（如美洲）的进口奢侈品，粉丝象征着财富和精致。但在丝绸之路的两端，在中国和欧洲，羽扇也代替了这名可疑的外国移民。在文艺复兴时期的欧洲，粉丝们仍然代表着复活和成熟，但在宗教改革之后，粉丝们失去了与重生的联系，转而发展出东方主义、女性化的内涵，支持强大的殖民和商业利益。

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来源期刊

Journal of World History HISTORY-

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Devoted to historical analysis from a global point of view, the Journal of World History features a range of comparative and cross-cultural scholarship and encourages research on forces that work their influences across cultures and civilizations. Themes examined include large-scale population movements and economic fluctuations; cross-cultural transfers of technology; the spread of infectious diseases; long-distance trade; and the spread of religious faiths, ideas, and ideals. Individual subscription is by membership in the World History Association.