Cartographic interpretation of chemical and radiation contamination of Russian soils

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
S. Avetyan, N. Savitskaya, I. Savin, E. Shishkonakova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

At the end of the 20th century, a geoinformation database on soil degradation in Russia, relied on the soil map of Russia at a scale of 1 : 5 million, was developed under the leadership of V.S. Stolbovoy. As part of the development of this problem and in the course of obtaining new information on soil degradation, an attempt was made to refine and supplement this database, that relies on the soil map of the Russian Federation 1 : 2.5 million scale. Soil degradation resulted from the impact of various types of pollution was taken into account, including industrial emissions, leakage of oil products, excessive application of pesticides, the impact of vehicles and radiation pollution. Each soil polygon of the soil map exposed to the pollution was characterized by the degree and area of pollution in accordance with the developed scales. The results of the analysis were used to construct cartograms illustrating the spatial distribution of chemical and radiation degradation of the country soils. According to the data obtained, in the zone of pollution derived from industrial enterprises and oil pollution, 20% of the soil-geographic polygons of the map are characterized by a strong degree of pollution, and 30% and 50% – by weak and medium, respectively. Agricultural pollution due to excessive use of plant protection products in Russia does not exceed 10% of the area of polygons and is characterized by a low degree. About 10% of the soil polygons of the basic soil map are heavily contaminated with radioactive contamination, while 40% and 50% of the polygons are moderately and weakly contaminated, respectively. Pollution from vehicles is weak and generally has low level. At the same time, megacities and highways with heavy traffic are distinguished by relatively high level of pollution.
俄罗斯土壤化学和辐射污染的制图解释
20世纪末,在斯托尔博沃伊(V.S. Stolbovoy)的领导下,以150万比例尺的俄罗斯土壤地图为基础,建立了俄罗斯土壤退化地理信息数据库。在解决这一问题的过程中以及在取得关于土壤退化的新资料的过程中,曾试图改进和补充这一数据库,该数据库依靠俄罗斯联邦1:1 . 250万比例尺的土壤地图。考虑到各种污染造成的土壤退化,包括工业排放、石油产品泄漏、过度使用杀虫剂、车辆的影响和辐射污染。根据制定的尺度,对土壤图中受污染的每个土壤多边形进行污染程度和污染面积表征。分析结果被用于绘制农村土壤化学和辐射退化的空间分布图。根据获得的数据,在工业企业污染区和石油污染区,地图中20%的土壤地理多边形的污染程度为强,30%和50%的土壤地理多边形的污染程度为弱和中。俄罗斯因过度使用植保产品造成的农业污染不超过多边形面积的10%,且具有程度较低的特点。土壤基本图中约10%的土壤多边形受到严重放射性污染,40%和50%的土壤多边形受到中度和轻度放射性污染。车辆污染较弱,总体水平较低。与此同时,交通繁忙的特大城市和高速公路的特点是污染程度相对较高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
8 weeks
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