Capability of welfare states to foster inclusion through employment-related measures

IF 1.2 Q3 SOCIOLOGY
Päivi Mäntyneva, H. Hiilamo
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Abstract

PurposeEmployment-related measures play a significant part in preventive and mitigative social policies. The importance of these actions is especially emphasised in times of crisis. This paper provides empirical insights into employment-related measures implemented in a sample of OECD countries as a response to the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. Furthermore, it addresses the continuity of the measures by July 2022.Design/methodology/approachThe research applies and further develops a capability approach in the COVID-19 context to provide a theoretically informed empirical understanding of the implemented employment related measures.FindingsThe results indicate that countries expanded the coverage of previous preventive and mitigative employment measures horizontally and vertically while also introducing new schemes to protect workers. The main conclusions suggest that most employment-related measures (65.5%) were preventive aiming at saving jobs and broadening peoples capabilities with bridging measures during the crisis. The employment measures served first as an emergency aid. However, most measures were recalibrated and changed incrementally toward 2022.Research limitations/implicationsThe data consisted major employment-related measures and changes in social policies the studied countries. The authors focussed the examination on governmental-level measures. Thus, sub-national or sector-specific responses, for example tripartite agreements in certain employment sectors or social transfers in certain areas, were excluded.Social implicationsThe way in which welfare states reacted to employment problems during the COVID-19 pandemic may have an impact on how governments approach social policies in the future. The capability approach exhibits a pronounced strength by facilitating the establishment of sustainable trajectories for social policy and welfare services.Originality/valueThe capability approach embracing the preactive and proactive role of social policies lends a unique perspective on public policies.
福利国家通过就业相关措施促进包容性的能力
目的与就业有关的措施在预防性和缓解性社会政策中起着重要作用。在危机时期,这些行动的重要性尤其得到强调。本文以经合组织国家为样本,对2020年为应对COVID-19危机而实施的就业相关措施提供了实证见解。此外,它还涉及到2022年7月之前这些措施的连续性。设计/方法/方法本研究应用并进一步发展了COVID-19背景下的能力方法,为实施的就业相关措施提供理论上知情的实证理解。研究结果表明,各国在横向和纵向上扩大了以前预防性和缓解性就业措施的覆盖范围,同时也引入了保护工人的新方案。主要结论表明,大多数与就业有关的措施(65.5%)是预防性的,旨在通过在危机期间采取过渡性措施来挽救就业和扩大人们的能力。就业措施首先起到了紧急援助的作用。然而,大多数措施都被重新校准,并逐渐改变到2022年。研究的局限性/意义数据包括主要的与就业有关的措施和研究国家的社会政策变化。作者将研究重点放在政府层面的措施上。因此,不包括次国家或特定部门的对策,例如某些就业部门的三方协定或某些领域的社会转移。社会影响福利国家在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间应对就业问题的方式可能会影响政府未来如何处理社会政策。能力方法通过促进建立社会政策和福利服务的可持续轨迹,显示出明显的优势。原创性/价值能力方法包含社会政策的前瞻性和前瞻性作用,为公共政策提供了独特的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.70%
发文量
59
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