A review of phytoconstituents as antibacterial agents

Abstract

Bacteria cause various infectious diseases and cause millions of deaths each year. Bacteria are broadly classified based on the phenotypic and genotypic systems. Bacteria cause resistance mainly by Plasmids, Inactivation of antibiotics, Target site modification, Prevent drug uptake, Efflux pumps, and Biofilm. Plants have been used for thousands of years for their medicinal uses to treat various diseases. Secondary metabolites like terpenes, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, quinones, steroids, polyketides, aromatics, and, peptides are plant-derived compounds that possess antibacterial activity and decrease resistance by inhibition of biofilm formation, Efflux pump [EP] inhibitors, attenuating bacterial virulence, Immunomodulation activity. Use of phytoconstituents synergism, combination therapy (Bio-enhancers), herbal preparation benefit in antibacterial potential and decrease resistance.