Affordances Guide Choice Behavior between Equal Schedules of Reinforcement in Rats

IF 1.8 3区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Ecological Psychology Pub Date : 2019-05-08 DOI:10.1080/10407413.2019.1599686

Á. Jiménez, D. A. Ochoa, P. Amazeen, E. Amazeen, Felipe Cabrera

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Abstract Operant choice theories pose that behavior distribution between options is ruled by the consequences related with these options. Evidence suggests that rats’ performance is attuned to the affordances that the operant setting provides, such as lever height. Our aim was to explore in rats whether lever press distribution was influenced by the affordances furnished by two levers. Lever pressing was reinforced in two concurrent equal variable-ratio schedules of reinforcement, and in successive conditions lever height was varied asymmetrically—that is, one lever was higher than the other. Results showed a quadratic relation between response rates and lever height, a linear trend between preference and lever height, and higher between- and within-bout response rates on the lower lever in four out of the six pairs of lever heights assessed. These findings suggest that intermediate lever heights favored lever pressing with faster bout initiation and faster within-bout responding, and support the idea that preorganized properties of behavior (i.e., the organism’s abilities) interact with the environment before the operant contingency takes place.

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能力支持指导大鼠在相同强化时间下的选择行为

抽象操作选择理论认为，选项之间的行为分布是由与这些选项相关的后果决定的。有证据表明，老鼠的表现与操作环境提供的启示相适应，比如杠杆高度。我们的目的是在大鼠身上探索杠杆压力分布是否受到两个杠杆提供的可供性的影响。杠杆挤压在两个同时进行的等变比加固方案中进行加固，在连续的条件下，杠杆高度不对称变化，即一个杠杆比另一个杠杆高。结果显示，在评估的六对杠杆高度中，有四对杠杆的反应率与杠杆高度呈二次关系，偏好与杠杆高度之间呈线性趋势，较低杠杆的回合间和回合内反应率较高。这些发现表明，中等杠杆高度有利于杠杆按压，回合启动更快，回合内反应更快，并支持行为的组织前特性（即生物体的能力）在操作性偶然性发生之前与环境相互作用的观点。

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来源期刊

Ecological Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

10.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： This unique journal publishes original articles that contribute to the understanding of psychological and behavioral processes as they occur within the ecological constraints of animal-environment systems. It focuses on problems of perception, action, cognition, communication, learning, development, and evolution in all species, to the extent that those problems derive from a consideration of whole animal-environment systems, rather than animals or their environments in isolation from each other. Significant contributions may come from such diverse fields as human experimental psychology, developmental/social psychology, animal behavior, human factors, fine arts, communication, computer science, philosophy, physical education and therapy, speech and hearing, and vision research.