An insight into failure of iron ore mine tailings dams

IF 2.7 3区工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI:10.1080/17480930.2022.2159295

Francis Otieno, S. Shukla

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

ABSTRACT Mine tailings dams are surface impoundment structures consisting of raised embankments that are built to contain mine tailings and mill effluents. In the past, many failures of these iron ore mine tailings storage facilities/dams have been reported worldwide in different forms. In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the failure modes, mechanisms and possible solutions to enhance the stability and safety of iron ore tailings dams. A comprehensive investigation has been carried out on 16 failure cases of such dams that were reported from 1917 to the current period. Additionally, mineralogy of iron ore tailings has been provided. The analysis of the past failures shows that most failures took place as a result of slope instability, overtopping, liquefaction-related instability, foundation movement and some form of structural failure. It has been found that 31.25% of iron ore mine tailings dams collapsed due to slope instability, 18.75% due to overtopping, 6.25% due to liquefaction-related instabilities, 6.25% due to foundation failure, 6.25% due to erosion, and 6.25% due to structural failure. In 25% of the failure cases, the causes have been unknown. An attempt is also made here to present prevention and remediation measures for avoiding failures and the associated negative environmental impacts in future.

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铁矿尾矿坝溃坝机理研究

尾矿坝是一种地表蓄水结构，由凸起的堤坝组成，用于容纳尾矿和选矿厂废水。过去，世界各地都以不同的形式报道了这些铁矿尾矿储存设施/大坝的许多故障。本文试图综述尾矿坝的破坏模式、机理和可能的解决方案，以提高尾矿坝的稳定性和安全性。对1917年至现阶段报告的16起此类大坝的破坏案例进行了全面调查。此外，还提供了铁矿尾矿的矿物学。对以往失效的分析表明，大多数失效是由边坡失稳、漫顶、液化相关失稳、地基移动和某种形式的结构失效引起的。研究发现，31.25%的铁矿尾矿坝因边坡失稳而坍塌，18.75%的尾矿坝因漫顶而坍塌，6.25%的尾矿库因液化相关失稳而倒塌，6.25%因地基破坏而倒塌，62.5%因侵蚀而倒塌，以及6.25%因结构破坏而倒塌。在25%的失败案例中，原因是未知的。本文还试图提出预防和补救措施，以避免未来的故障和相关的负面环境影响。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

8.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment published research on mining and environmental technology engineering relating to metalliferous deposits, coal, oil sands, and industrial minerals. We welcome environmental mining research papers that explore: -Mining environmental impact assessment and permitting- Mining and processing technologies- Mining waste management and waste minimization practices in mining- Mine site closure- Mining decommissioning and reclamation- Acid mine drainage. The International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment welcomes mining research papers that explore: -Design of surface and underground mines (economics, geotechnical, production scheduling, ventilation)- Mine planning and optimization- Mining geostatics- Mine drilling and blasting technologies- Mining material handling systems- Mine equipment