Bears in the Russian Far East illegally exploited for meat, medicine and trophies

IF 1.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
L. Gomez, P. Toropov, C. Shepherd
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Russia is a key source of bear parts in illegal trade but bear trade dynamics within the country is unknown. This study aims to address this gap by examining the legal and illegal international trade of bears in the Russian Far East. Illegal trade of bears from the Russian Far East was analysed using seizure data from the Russian customs authorities from 2015 to 2019, while legal trade was analysed using CITES trade data. There were 116 seizures of bears involving the Russian Far East. Bear paws, claws and gall bladders were the main commodities seized revealing a demand for meat, trophies and medicine. During the same timeframe, Russia legally exported bear trophies, parts and derivatives to 55 countries and territories. Trophies were largely destined to the US and European countries whereas bear gall bladders, paws and derivates to Hong Kong. This study shows that bears in Russia are threatened by poaching and illegal trade. They are killed for their gall bladders which are exported to Asian markets. They are also killed and exported as trophies predominantly to the US and European countries. As a game resource, Russia permits the hunting of Asiatic black bears and brown bears within established harvest quotas. Despite this, bears are being illegally killed and trafficked beyond Russia’s borders in violation of national laws and CITES trade regulations. Illegally sourced bear parts from Russia have been found in numerous countries across the globe. Further research is needed to quantify the overall illegal trade from Russia to understand the impact illegal offtake and trade has on wild bear populations in Russia. Further, the hunting of bears in Russia warrants greater regulation and monitoring to prevent the poaching of their parts for trade.
俄罗斯远东地区的熊被非法用来获取肉类、药品和战利品
俄罗斯是非法贸易中熊零件的主要来源,但国内熊贸易动态尚不清楚。这项研究旨在通过研究俄罗斯远东地区合法和非法的熊国际贸易来解决这一差距。使用俄罗斯海关当局2015年至2019年的扣押数据分析了来自俄罗斯远东的非法熊贸易,而使用CITES贸易数据分析了合法贸易。涉及俄罗斯远东地区的熊共有116只。熊掌、爪子和胆囊是查获的主要商品,显示出对肉类、战利品和药品的需求。在同一时间段内,俄罗斯向55个国家和地区合法出口熊奖杯、零部件和衍生物。奖杯主要运往美国和欧洲国家,而熊胆、熊掌及其衍生物则运往香港。这项研究表明,俄罗斯的熊受到偷猎和非法贸易的威胁。它们因出口到亚洲市场的胆囊而被杀死。它们也被杀死,并作为战利品主要出口到美国和欧洲国家。作为一种狩猎资源,俄罗斯允许在既定的收获配额内狩猎亚洲黑熊和棕熊。尽管如此,熊仍被非法杀害并贩运到俄罗斯境外,这违反了国家法律和《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的贸易法规。在全球许多国家都发现了来自俄罗斯的非法熊零件。需要进一步的研究来量化来自俄罗斯的总体非法贸易,以了解非法收购和贸易对俄罗斯野生熊种群的影响。此外,俄罗斯对熊的狩猎需要加强监管和监督,以防止偷猎熊的部分进行贸易。
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来源期刊
Tropical Conservation Science
Tropical Conservation Science BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.90%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Tropical Conservation Science is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research papers and state-of-the-art reviews of broad interest to the field of conservation of tropical forests and of other tropical ecosystems.
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