Preservation of Features of Anatomical Polymorphism of Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae) During In Vitro Clonal Reproduction

IF 2.1 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Acta Agrobotanica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.5586/aa.7416
N. Nuzhyna, V. Kunakh, O. Poronnik, I. Parnikoza
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

We studied the anatomical features of the leaf structure of Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae) obtained from seeds collected from different habitats of the maritime Antarctic. These plants have been maintained in culture in vitro for more than 7 years. The plants include stable chromosome forms comprising diploids (2 n = 26), a diploid plant with B-chromosomes (2 n = 26 + 0–3B), a triploid with rearranged chromosome morphology, and myxoploids with different ratios of diploid and nondiploid cells in the root meristem. The D. antarctica plants that were studied generally had a similar anatomical structure in culture in vitro and in nature. At the same time, plants of different cultivated genotypes also displayed their own leaf structure features. In particular, qualitative features included asymmetric four-ribs and five-rib leaves instead of typical three-rib leaves for some genotypes, some individuals characterized by the presence of unicellular nonglandular pointed trichomes on an adaxial side, differences in vascular bundle sheath, and other features. No clear dependence of the anatomical structural features on the chromosomal status of the studied genotypes was evident. At the same time, differences were evident in traits that included the number of stomata, thickness of the outer cell walls of the epidermis, bundles sheath state, number of leaf ribs, and the persistent presence of trichomes under prolonged in vitro cloning. The findings indicate that D. antarctica plants collected from different locations of the maritime Antarctic for long-term cultivation in vitro under standard cultivation conditions retain the anatomical characteristics of the wild plants. The polymorphism of in vitro-cultivated plants is not related to the polymorphism of their karyotype, but is apparently due to the heterogeneity of the original plants and possibly the epigenetic fixation of a number of anatomical features produced in the natural microhabitats of D. antarctica populations.
南极大鼠解剖多态性特征的保存É。Desv。(豆科)在体外无性系繁殖过程中
对南极德尚属植物的叶片结构进行了解剖学研究。Desv。(禾本科)从南极海洋不同栖息地采集的种子中获得的。这些植物已经在体外培养中保持了7年以上。植物包括稳定的染色体形式,包括二倍体(2 n=26)、具有B染色体的二倍体植物(2 n=26+0-3B)、具有重排染色体形态的三倍体,以及根分生组织中具有不同比例的二倍体和非二倍体细胞的粘多倍体。研究的南极D.antarctica植物在体外培养和自然界中通常具有相似的解剖结构。同时,不同栽培基因型的植物也表现出各自的叶片结构特征。特别是,一些基因型的定性特征包括不对称的四棱和五棱叶,而不是典型的三棱叶,一些个体的特征是在轴侧存在单细胞非陆地尖毛,维管束鞘的差异,以及其他特征。解剖结构特征对所研究基因型的染色体状态没有明显的依赖性。同时,在长期体外克隆条件下,气孔数量、表皮外细胞壁厚度、束鞘状态、叶肋数量以及毛状体的持续存在等性状存在明显差异。研究结果表明,在标准培养条件下,从南极海洋不同地点采集的南极D.antarctica植物在体外长期培养时,保留了野生植物的解剖特征。体外培养植物的多态性与其核型的多态性无关,但显然是由于原始植物的异质性,以及可能是南极D.antarctica种群自然微生境中产生的许多解剖特征的表观遗传学固定。
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来源期刊
Acta Agrobotanica
Acta Agrobotanica Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
25.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Acta Agrobotanica publishes mainly significant, original research papers presenting the results new to the biology of cultivable or wild plants accompanying crops. The submissions dedicated particularly to flora and phytocenoses of anthropogenically transformed areas, bee pastures, nectariferous and polleniferous taxa, plant-pollinator relationships, urban and rural habitats for entomofauna, cultivated plants, weeds, aerobiology, plant pathogens and parasites are encouraged and accepted. Besides the original research papers, authors may submit short communications and reviews. The journal also publishes the invited papers in case of new developments in plant science. All submissions must be written in good English, which is solely a responsibility of the authors.
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