Adipolin and Insulin Resistance Response to Two Types of Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats

Abstract

Regular exercise is a good strategy for treating many metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and obesity. Some part of the beneficial effects of exercises are due to endocrine exercise, including fatty tissue which plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism, body composition, and insulin resistance [1]. The adipose tissue, as an active endocrine and paracrine tissue as well as because of its role in the synthesis and secretion of a series of hormones and adipocytokines, , not only controls body weight balance, but also Justifies the relationship between overweight and obesity with insulin resistance and diabetes by effecting the metabolic and inflammatory profile [2,3]. Recently, a new adipocytokine been identified called Adipolin (CTRP12) which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is synthesized and secreted mainly in adipose tissue and decreases in obesity and diabetes [3,4]. Additionally, adipolin also helps to improve insulin sensitivity [3,4]. Adipolin is found in blood circulation in intact (fCTRP12) (40 kDa) and broken (spherical) (gCTRP12) (25 kDa) forms [4]. Studies have shown that only fCTRP12 isophoresis of adipolin can improve insulin resistance [5]. Therefore, any factor that affects the expression of the gene and the synthesis of adipolin, or in the breakdown of adipolin and the reduction of its intact form, can reduce insulin sensitivity, as well as insulin that mainly breaks the fCTRP12 [5]. Therefore, lowering insulin levels may be one of the effective ways to improve adipollin function. Many therapeutic strategies are known to reduce insulin in obesity and insulin resistance. Physical activity is one of these most important factors. Thus, it is likely that physical activity and exercise help to improve Insulin resistance not only by making direct effect on insulin and its performance, but also through their effect on adipolin levels and changing the ratio of intact adipolin to broken forms. But according to our knowledge, the effect of exercise training on adipolin levels has not been studied in any of the present studies. Adipolin levels are reduced in diabetic patients, while exercise may reduce adipollin-induced diabetic circulation, and this effect is likely to depend on a type of exercise that is performed in varying degrees. However, this hypothesis has not been studied in diabetic specimens with lower adipolin base levels. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the response of adipolin plasma to high intensity interval training (HITT) and low intensity continuous training (LICT) in male rats with type II diabetes and the present study seeks to answer the Volume 6 Issue 2 2018