Dating and Analysis of Western Stemmed Toolkits from the Legacy Collection of Connley Cave 4, Oregon

IF 1.6 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI:10.1080/20555563.2022.2088132

Richard L. Rosencrance, Katelyn N. McDonough, J. Holcomb, Pamela E. Endzweig, D. Jenkins

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Stephen Bedwell excavated the Connley Caves in 1967 and 1968, uncovering dense Western Stemmed Tradition assemblages in the lowest deposits. Reporting a series of radiocarbon dates between 11,200 ± 200 14C yr BP and 9150 ± 150 14C yr BP, he suggested the earliest human occupation of Cave 4 dated to ∼11,000 14C yr BP. Subsequent researchers have questioned the veracity of his claim and the reliability of his data. We revisit Bedwell’s investigations to provide a detailed narrative of the excavations and more thoroughly report the Western Stemmed materials. We identify and date two Early Holocene and late Pleistocene cultural features and recharacterize the lithic assemblage. Our results suggest that Bedwell’s oldest date is aberrant and current evidence for the earliest occupations spans the Younger Dryas. This study provides new information, resolves long-standing questions about Bedwell’s assumptions and methodologies, and facilitates the incorporation of the collection into on-going Western Stemmed research in the northern Great Basin.

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俄勒冈州康利4号洞穴遗留藏品中西方Stemmed工具包的年代测定和分析

Stephen Bedwell于1967年和1968年对康利洞穴进行了发掘，在最低层的沉积物中发现了密集的西方茎传统组合。他报告了一系列放射性碳年代在11,200±200 14C年BP和9150±150 14C年BP之间，他认为第4洞穴最早的人类活动时间为~ 11000 14C年BP。随后的研究人员对他的说法的真实性和数据的可靠性提出了质疑。我们重新审视贝德维尔的调查，为挖掘提供详细的叙述，并更彻底地报道西方的材料。我们确定了两个早全新世和晚更新世的文化特征，并对岩屑组合进行了重新表征。我们的研究结果表明，贝德韦尔最古老的日期是异常的，目前的证据表明，最早的职业跨越了新仙女木时期。这项研究提供了新的信息，解决了关于Bedwell的假设和方法的长期问题，并促进了将收集的资料纳入正在进行的大盆地北部西部的研究。

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来源期刊

PaleoAmerica Earth and Planetary Sciences-Paleontology

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： PaleoAmerica disseminates new research results and ideas about early human dispersal and migrations, with a particular focus on the Americas. It fosters an interdisciplinary dialog between archaeologists, geneticists and other scientists investigating the dispersal of modern humans during the late Pleistocene. The journal has three goals: First and foremost, the journal is a vehicle for the presentation of new research results. Second, it includes editorials on special topics written by leaders in the field. Third, the journal solicits essays covering current debates in the field, the state of research in relevant disciplines, and summaries of new research findings in a particular region, for example Beringia, the Eastern Seaboard or the Southern Cone of South America. Although the journal’s focus is the peopling of the Americas, editorials and research essays also highlight the investigation of early human colonization of empty lands in other areas of the world. As techniques are developing so rapidly, work in other regions can be very relevant to the Americas, so the journal will publish research relating to other regions which has relevance to research on the Americas.