The effects of transplanted adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from mice of different age or from aging donors in combination with melatonin at experimental parkinsonism

Abstract

The transplantation of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) in Parkinson’s disease/parkinsonism is a promising area in their therapy. The effects of such cells may be influenced by the age of the donor and biologically active factors. The purpose of the study is to compare the effect of transplanted ADSCs of donor mice of different age on the parameters of behaviour, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain of mice with an experimental model of parkinsonism; to evaluate changes in the effects of cells from older donors under the influence of exogenous hormone melatonin. Materials and methods. The object of the study was adult (5-6 months) and aging (15-17 months) 129/Sv mice. Adult mice were injected once with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and after 17 days – ADSCs of adult or aging donor mice at a dose of 700 thousand cells in the tail vein. Some mice received ADSCs of aging donors in combination with melatonin. Behavioural parameters were assessed in open-field, rigidity and rotarod tests; the relative content of macrophages was measured in the brain, malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Results. Under the influence of MPTP, the number of squares, rearings, body length and length is significantly less than in the intact group, and muscle tone is higher; in the brain the content of MDA and macrophages increases and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreases. After the transplantation of adult donor ADSCs, the parameters of body and step length increase significantly, but not to the level of intact mice; the activity of SOD, glutathione reductase (GR) and the proportion of macrophages increase in the brain. After the administration of ADSCs of aging donors, the values of behavioural parameters and the proportion of macrophages in the brain correspond to the control group (only MPTP), and the activity of SOD corresponds to intact animals. In mice treated with ADSCs of aging donors in combination with melatonin, the direction of changes in behavioural parameters, SOD and GR activity, macrophage percentage was similar to that observed after the administration of adult donor ADSCs. Conclusions. The effects of ADSCs transplantation in mice with the MPTP model of parkinsonism depend on the age of the donor and are more pronounced in transplanted cells derived from adult mice. The effects of ADSCs from aging donors in combination with melatonin are consistent with those observed after administration of cells from adult donors.