Instilling patriotism in primary students through the creation of book trailers

Abstract

Introduction. In many countries of the world, the school is considered to be a center possessing all the resources for the formation of a free, democratic personality, a center for moral, civic, multicultural education. Literature, history, social science play an important role in educational programs in foreign countries; their study is considered as a source of spirituality, humanity, and citizenship. In the modern Russian school at the stage of primary education, much attention is paid to the formation of civic identity foundations, the cultivation of patriotism, and raising a responsible, creative, proactive, competent citizen of Russia. A special place in the moral education of primary students is occupied by the lessons of literature reading. Through the analysis of literary works, students understand the deep moral content of the work, the author’s attitude to the characters, the idea of the work. While considering the peculiarities of modern primary students, who are more focused on digital reading than traditional one, it becomes necessary to instill patriotic feelings in primary students through the creation of book trailers based on books by children’s writers about a heroic deed, about the Motherland, about the Great Patriotic War. The research is aimed at theoretical substantiation and experimental testing of the efficiency of the methodology for instilling patriotism in primary students through the creation of book trailers. Materials and methods. The research involved 51 students of the third grade of the general educational organization of the city of Zelenodolsk (the Russian Federation). The research used a combination of theoretical and experimental methods of studying objects that corresponded to the goals and objectives set and were aimed at determining the level of development of cognitive, emotional, activity criteria of patriotism (tests by N.F. Vinogradova "Great people of Russia", "Russia is proud of them"), revealing the level of development of behavioral motives in the education of patriotism (N. Biryukova’s test "I am a patriot"), identifying the level of development of digital literacy of a student (method of A.A. Efanova, M.A. Budanova, E.N. Yudina). For quantitative comparison, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used. Results. An analysis of the problem of instilling patriotism in primary students through the creation of literary and artistic book trailers based on books by children’s writers about the Motherland, the war, and heroic deeds allowed developing and testing a model of patriotic education of children based on the interactive activities of the teacher and students and aimed at educating cognitive, emotional, activity criteria of patriotism as well as development of digital literacy of students. Introduction of the model induced the following changes: 1) an increase in the level of the cognitive criterion of patriotism (up to 0.7082 and after 0.1075); 2) an increase in the level of the emotional criterion of patriotism (up to 0.5916 and after 0.0165); 3) an increase in the level of the activity criterion of patriotism (up to 0.7480 and after 0.0438); 4) an increase in the level of formation of digital literacy of students by 0.0457 (up to 0.6493 and after 0.0457). Conclusion. The model created for instilling patriotism in primary students through the development of book trailers allowed introducing and using this methodology in the educational process of primary school. The research results have demonstrated that the creation and use of book trailers in primary school had an effective impact on the development of interest in reading books about patriotism and citizenship, about the history of Russia, about the great people of Motherland, on the development of the emotional sphere of children as well as the development of activity criterion of patriotism in primary students.