Evidence of Viral Communities in Three Species of Bats from Rural Environment in Mexico

Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI:10.3161/15081109ACC2022.24.1.020
R. J. Barrón-Rodríguez, R. Parra-Laca, E. Rojas-Anaya, Jose A. I. Romero‐Espinoza, J. Ayala-Sumuano, J. Vázquez-Pérez, G. García-Espinosa, E. Loza-Rubio
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Abstract

Some emerging and reemerging diseases have been associated with certain species of bats. These diseases have emerged in anthropogenic environments where the conditions for spillover of infectious agents between bats, domestic animals, and humans are present. Mexico is the country with the fourth highest bat diversity in the world, and some of these bat species live in anthropogenic environments such as a backyard production system. The objective of this study was to analyze the virome of three species of bats (Artibeus spp., Macrotus waterhousii and Pteronotus parnellii) that inhabit roosts near rural backyard farms and have large geographic distributions. Rectal swabs were taken and analyzed by the next-generation sequencing (NGS). Thus, it was possible to study the virome of these bat species which has not been previously reported. In one of them, P. parnellii, sequences of the family Coronaviridae were found. The detected viral communities of these three bat species included mostly bacteriophages while showing low numbers for known animal viruses. Viral diversities varied among the species studied and differed from previous studies. The findings of this research contribute to our knowledge of the virome of bat species which have large geographical distributions and, as in this case, inhabit anthropogenic habitats differing from intensive farms or urban settelments.
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墨西哥农村环境中三种蝙蝠病毒群落的证据
一些新出现和重新出现的疾病与某些蝙蝠物种有关。这些疾病是在蝙蝠、家畜和人类之间存在传染源外溢条件的人为环境中出现的。墨西哥是世界上蝙蝠多样性第四高的国家,其中一些蝙蝠物种生活在后院生产系统等人为环境中。本研究的目的是分析栖息在农村后院农场附近的三种蝙蝠(Artibeus spp.、Macrotus waterhousii和Pteronotus parnellii)的病毒组,这些蝙蝠具有较大的地理分布。采集直肠拭子并通过下一代测序(NGS)进行分析。因此,有可能研究这些蝙蝠物种的病毒组,而这些病毒组以前没有报道过。在其中一个P.parnellii中,发现了冠状病毒科的序列。检测到的这三种蝙蝠的病毒群落主要包括噬菌体,而已知动物病毒的数量较低。病毒的多样性在所研究的物种之间各不相同,与以前的研究不同。这项研究的发现有助于我们了解蝙蝠物种的病毒组,蝙蝠物种具有较大的地理分布,在这种情况下,栖息在不同于集约化农场或城市环境的人类栖息地。
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