Fractura mandibular tardía post exodoncia de molares inferiores. Caso clínico

Abstract

espanolLa extraccion del tercer molar es un procedimiento comun en cirugia oral. Una de las complicaciones es la fractura mandibular. Con una incidencia postoperatoria menor a un 0.005%. Los factores que contribuyen al riesgo de fractura del angulo mandibular despues de una extraccion del tercer molar incluyen el nivel de impactacion, la anatomia del diente, infecciones locales previas, edad, sexo, presencia de formaciones quisticas y bruxismo entre otras. Presentamos un caso clinico de fractura mandibular postoperatoria a las cinco semanas tras la exodoncia del 47 y 48 incluidos en posicion horizontal. El objetivo final del tratamiento de una fractura mandibular es la consolidacion osea manteniendo la oclusion dental. En nuestro caso, al no tratarse de una fractura que sobrepasaba las corticales y sin desplazamiento mandibular, no fue subsidiaria de un tratamiento quirurgico y se resolvio con reposo funcional. EnglishThe lower third molar extraction is a common procedure in oral surgery. One of its complications, although uncommon, is the mandibular fracture. Postoperatively, it has an incidence lower than 0.005%. The factors that may contribute to the risk of the mandibular angle fracture after an extraction of the third molar include the leve! of impaction are the anatomy of the tooth, previous local infections, age, sex, cysts and bruxism among others. We present a clinical case of postoperative mandibular fracture at five weeks after the extraction of 47 and 48 included in horizontal position. The ultimate treatment goal of a mandibular fracture is to reach a bone consolidation with the premorbid dental occlusion. In our case, as it was not a fracture that surpassed the cortical and there was not a mandibular displacement, it was not need a surgical treatment so it was resolved with functional rest.