Controlling the mixing quality of 2K adhesives by means of electrical capacitance tomography – Part I: necessary polymer characteristics

IF 2.9 4区 材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Sascha Voß, M. Voß
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT To ensure the desired mechanical properties of adhesively bonded components, maintaining the prescribed mixing quality, i.e. mixing ratio and evenness, of two-component (2K) adhesives is essential. Although different studies proved that mixing errors may exert a negative impact on the bonding result, there are currently no methods available that would allow for continuous monitoring thereof during inline dosing processes. A way out of associated issues is offered by the Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT), which enables practitioners to map spatial material distributions and mixing ratios by measuring the capacitances of different media, including adhesives. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the ECT’s potential to be used for 2K mixture quality control. Due to the complexity of the matter, the presentation is split into two papers. In this 1st part, all preliminary experimental and analytical work aiming to determine polymer characteristics, above all permittivity, ε, needed to evaluate whether a respective 2K adhesive may be ECT-monitored is presented. For that, a permittivity measurement device (PMD) was developed, which allows for a fast and efficient determination of adhesive permittivities. Subsequently, the PMD was validated with reference dielectrics and then used to determine the permittivities of the components of 16 commercially available 2K adhesives (epoxies and polyurethanes). Finally, the relationship between permittivity and mixing ratio was investigated for a sub-set of four representative ECT-suitable adhesives. It was found that a wide variety of 2K polymers may principally be controlled by ECT and that the relationship between mixing ratio and mixture permittivity can be described by general analytical theories from the literature. As a result, preliminary experimental effort aiming to assess the adhesive suitability for inline ECT-monitoring could be significantly reduced. The latter experiments will be the topic of the 2nd part of the study.
通过电容层析成像控制2K粘合剂的混合质量——第一部分:必要的聚合物特性
摘要:为了保证胶粘剂的理想力学性能,保持双组分(2K)胶粘剂的规定混合质量,即混合比例和均匀性是必不可少的。虽然不同的研究证明,混合误差可能会对粘合结果产生负面影响,但目前还没有方法可以在在线加药过程中对其进行连续监测。电容断层扫描(ECT)提供了一种解决相关问题的方法,它使从业者能够通过测量不同介质(包括粘合剂)的电容来绘制空间材料分布和混合比率。因此,本研究的目的是探讨电痉挛疗法用于2K混合物质量控制的潜力。由于问题的复杂性,报告被分成两篇。在这第一部分,所有的初步实验和分析工作,旨在确定聚合物的特性,首先是介电常数,ε,需要评估是否相应的2K粘合剂可以进行ect监测。为此,开发了一种介电常数测量装置(PMD),可以快速有效地测定胶粘剂的介电常数。随后,使用参考电介质对PMD进行验证,然后用于确定16种市售2K粘合剂(环氧树脂和聚氨酯)组分的介电常数。最后,研究了四种具有代表性的ect -合适胶粘剂的介电常数与混合比之间的关系。发现多种2K聚合物主要受ECT控制,混合比与混合介电常数之间的关系可以用文献中的一般分析理论来描述。因此,旨在评估粘接剂对在线ect监测适用性的初步实验努力可以显着减少。后一个实验将是第二部分研究的主题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Adhesion
Journal of Adhesion 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
9.10%
发文量
55
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Adhesion is dedicated to perpetuating understanding of the phenomenon of adhesion and its practical applications. The art of adhesion is maturing into a science that requires a broad, coordinated interdisciplinary effort to help illuminate its complex nature and numerous manifestations.
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