How much tax do the rich really pay? Evidence from the UK

IF 2.1 2区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Oxford Review of Economic Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI:10.1093/oxrep/grad032

A. Advani, H. Hughson, A. Summers

引用次数: 3

Abstract

Using anonymized administrative data on the population of UK taxpayers, we show that—in line with high-profile anecdotes about the tax affairs of the rich—effective average tax rates (EATRs) decline at the top of the distribution of income and capital gains. We also document substantial variation in EATRs within remuneration level: a quarter of those in the top 1 per cent pay headline rates, while another quarter pay at least 9pp less than the headline rate. Most of this effect is driven by the composition of remuneration, with investment income having lower tax rates and capital gains having lower rates still. If all individuals with income above £100,000 paid the headline rates, this would raise tax revenue on income and gains by £23 billion on a static basis, an increase of 27 per cent in the tax paid by this group.

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富人真正要交多少税？来自英国的证据

利用英国纳税人人口的匿名管理数据，我们表明，与有关富人税务事务的引人注目的轶事一致，有效平均税率(eatr)在收入和资本收益分配的顶部下降。我们还记录了薪酬水平内的eatr存在巨大差异:收入最高的1%人群中，有四分之一的人支付总体薪酬，而另外四分之一的人的薪酬至少比总体薪酬低9%。这种影响在很大程度上是由薪酬构成驱动的，投资收入的税率较低，资本利得的税率更低。如果所有收入超过10万英镑的个人都按总体税率纳税，这将使收入和收益的税收收入在静态基础上增加230亿英镑，这一群体缴纳的税收将增加27%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Oxford Review of Economic Policy ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

1.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Oxford Review of Economic Policy is a refereed journal which is published quarterly. Each issue concentrates on a current theme in economic policy, with a balance between macro- and microeconomics, and comprises an assessment and a number of articles. It gives a valuable appraisal of economic policies worldwide. While the analysis is challenging and at the forefront of current thinking, articles are presented in non-technical language to make them readily accessible to all readers. The Oxford Review is aimed at a wide audience including government, business and policy-makers, as well as academics and students. It is required reading for those who need to know where research is leading.