Optimization method for main parameters of vibration protection system in motor grader seat with quasi-zero static characteristic

M. Korytov, I. Kashapova, V. Shcherbakov
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction. One of the urgent tasks facing the developers of land transport and technological machines is to reduce the vibration effects on the human operator. Vibration impacts are caused mainly by the interaction of the working bodies with the working environment and the running equipment of machines with the microrelief of the supporting surface on which the machine moves. To reduce vibration impacts, vibration protection systems of the cab and operator’s seat are used. The designs of vibration protection systems of seats with the effect of quasizero stiffness are promising. The design of a passive vibration protection system of an operator’s seat based on a parallelogram mechanism, which makes it possible to provide the specified effect of quasi-zero stiffness, is proposed. For practical application of the developed vibration protection system of a seat, it is necessary to solve the problem of assignment and optimization of its main design parameters.Materials and methods. RMS vertical acceleration of a seat in a stationary coordinate system was taken as the target function for optimizing the design parameters of the vibration protection system of a seat. For the developed calculation scheme of the seat vibration protection system based on a parallelogram mechanism, independent design parameters that influence the mean square vertical acceleration of the seat were identified. To reduce the dimensionality of the problem, some of the parameters were bound by algebraic dependencies, or fixed. The need to reduce the number of independent varying parameters was due to the relatively long simulation time of the individual process of moving the machine along the microrelief of the supporting surface using the developed complex simulation mathematical model of a motor grader with vibration-proof supports of the operator’s cabin and with a vibration-proof mechanism of the operator’s seat. The horizontal length of the parallelogram link, the ductility factor of the damper mechanism, and the horizontal dimension from the rotation axis to the limiting rollers of the mechanism were selected as independent.Results. A methodology for selecting and optimizing the design parameters of the vibration protection mechanism, presented in the form of a flowchart, which includes the stage of local optimization of the viscosity factor of the damper and the horizontal dimension from the axis to the limiting rollers by the Simplex method, has been developed. Obtaining each individual value of the target function in the local optimization was performed by processing the results of discrete values of seat acceleration obtained by simulating the movement of the machine on a simulation mathematical model. Examples of the application of the developed technique with different sets of initial data are given.Discussion and conclusions: The application of the developed technique makes it possible to unambiguously determine the values of design parameters of the vibration protection system based on the parallelogram mechanism, including geometric dimensions, the viscosity factor of the damper, as well as, as secondary output parameters, the stiffness and dimensions of the tensile spring of the mechanism.
准零静态平地机位振动防护系统主要参数的优化方法
介绍陆地运输和技术机器的开发人员面临的紧迫任务之一是减少振动对操作员的影响。振动冲击主要是由工作体与工作环境和机器运行设备的相互作用以及机器移动的支撑表面的微起伏引起的。为了减少振动影响,使用了驾驶室和操作员座椅的振动保护系统。具有准零刚度效应的座椅振动防护系统的设计是有前景的。提出了一种基于平行四边形机构的操作员座椅被动振动保护系统的设计,该系统可以提供准零刚度的特定效果。开发的座椅振动防护系统在实际应用中,需要解决其主要设计参数的分配和优化问题。材料和方法。以固定坐标系下座椅的均方根垂直加速度为目标函数,对座椅振动防护系统的设计参数进行了优化。针对所开发的基于平行四边形机构的座椅振动防护系统的计算方案,确定了影响座椅垂直加速度均方的独立设计参数。为了降低问题的维数,一些参数被代数依赖关系绑定,或者被固定。需要减少独立变化参数的数量是因为使用开发的具有驾驶室防振支撑和操作员防振机构的平地机的复杂模拟数学模型,沿着支撑表面的微起伏移动机器的单个过程的模拟时间相对较长座位平行四边形连杆的水平长度、阻尼机构的延性系数以及从旋转轴到机构限位辊的水平尺寸被选择为独立的。后果以流程图的形式提出了一种选择和优化振动保护机构设计参数的方法,该方法包括用单纯形法对阻尼器的粘性系数和从轴到限位辊的水平尺寸进行局部优化的阶段。通过处理通过在模拟数学模型上模拟机器运动而获得的座椅加速度的离散值的结果,来获得局部优化中目标函数的每个单独值。给出了所开发的技术在不同初始数据集下的应用实例。讨论和结论:应用所开发的技术,可以明确地确定基于平行四边形机构的振动保护系统的设计参数值,包括几何尺寸、阻尼器的粘性系数以及二次输出参数,机构的拉伸弹簧的刚度和尺寸。
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