ISOLASI, EFEKTIVITAS, DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERIOFAG LITIK Salmonella enterica SEBAGAI BIOKONTROL PENYAKIT GASTROENTERITIS

Debi Arivo, Tessa Sjahriani
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Bakteriofag litik diisolasi dari pembuangan limbah domestik menggunakan teknik double layer plaque. Bakteriofag litik diidentifikasi berdasarkan morfologi plak, struktur litik, inang, aktivitas lisis sel bakteri Salmonella enterica, stabilitas dalam kondisi buffer yang berbeda dan karakterisasi protein. Bakteriofag litik LB1 hanya menginfeksi sel Salmonella enterica. Hasil pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), bakteriofag litik LB1 termasuk ke dalam famili Siphoviridae. Morfologi kepala hexagonal-icosahedral berdiameter 72.7 nm, dengan ekor non-kontraktil berdiameter 17.3 nm dan panjang 100 nm. Bakteriofag litik LB1 memiliki stabilitas terbaik dalam buffer Ringers suhu 4 oC yang ditunjukkan dengan penurunan plak sebesar 28% setelah 3 minggu penyimpanan. Hasil pengujian efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa bakteriofag litik LB1 dapat mengurangi populasi sel Salmonella sebanyak 67,12% setelah 8 jam inkubasi. Bakteriofag litik LB1 memiliki 8 protein yang berbeda dengan berat molekul yang beragam 11.4 kDa, 19.6 kDa, 23 kDa, 33 kDa, 58.3 kDa, 77 kDa, 94.5 kDa, 133 kDa. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteriofag litik LB1 yang diisolasi pembuangan limbah domestik dapat secara efektif mengurangi Salmonella enterica dengan cara melisis sel bakteri. Bakteriofag litik LB1 berpeluang dapat digunakan sebagai biokontrol penyakit gastroenteritis yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella enterica. Stabilitas terbaik bakteriofag litik LB1 pada penyimpanan dalam buffer Ringer di suhu dingin (4oC), memiliki karakterisasi famili Siphoviridae, dapat mengurangi Salmonella enterica sebanyak 67.12% setelah 8 jam inkubasi, dan memiliki berat molekul 11.4-133 kDa. \n  \n  \nSalmonella enterica is one of pathogenic bacteria causing gastroenteritis transmitted by water and food contamination which commonly occur in developing country.  Some study reported that Salmonella serovar enterica strains were multi-resistant to various of antibiotics. Lytic bacteriophage in Siphoviridae family offered a good solution to reduce gastroenterytis disease caused by Salmonella enterica. This  reseach aim was to isolate, effectivity test of LB 1 and to characterize lytic bacteriophage as biocontrol of gastroenterytis. Methodology and results were LB1 lytic bacteriophage was isolated from domestic waste using double layer plaque technique, was determined by the plaque morphology, the structure, the host range, the activity to lyse bacterial host cells, the stability of phage on different buffer conditions, and the protein characterization. The results showed that LB1 only infects Salmonella enterica. Based on Electron Microscope Observation showed that LB1 is grouped into Siphoviridae. It has hexagonal-icosahedral head with 72.7 nm in diameter and long-non contractile tail with 100 nm in diameter. LB1 had a good storage stability in Ringers buffer at low temperature (40C), with viability of bacteriophage decreased by 28% after 3 weeks of storage. The effectiveness showed that LB1 could reduce Salmonella enterica by 67.12% after 8 hours of incubation. LB 1 has different proteins with molecular weights: 11.4 kDa, 19.6 kDa, 23 kDa, 33 kDa, 58.3 kDa, 77 kDa, 94.5 kDa, and 133 kDa. The conclusion was LB1 was isolated from sewage water were identified to reduces Salmonella enterica effectively with concentration of 8.2x108 CFU/mL. 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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Salmonella enterica merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen penyebab gastroenteritis yang ditransmisikan melalui air dan makanan terkontaminasi yang sering terjadi pada negara berkembang. Beberapa strain Salmonella enterica multi-resisten terhadap berbagai antibiotika. Bakteriofag litik pada famili Siphoviridae dapat menjadi solusi alternatif dalam mengurangi kejadian gastroenteritis oleh Salmonella enterica. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi, mengetahui kemampuan bakteriofag litik Lytic Bacteriophage 1 (LB1) dalam melisis inangnya yaitu Salmonella enterica penyebab gastroenteritis, serta mengetahui karakterisasi bakteriofag litik LB 1 sebagai biokontrol penyakit gastroenteritis. Bakteriofag litik diisolasi dari pembuangan limbah domestik menggunakan teknik double layer plaque. Bakteriofag litik diidentifikasi berdasarkan morfologi plak, struktur litik, inang, aktivitas lisis sel bakteri Salmonella enterica, stabilitas dalam kondisi buffer yang berbeda dan karakterisasi protein. Bakteriofag litik LB1 hanya menginfeksi sel Salmonella enterica. Hasil pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), bakteriofag litik LB1 termasuk ke dalam famili Siphoviridae. Morfologi kepala hexagonal-icosahedral berdiameter 72.7 nm, dengan ekor non-kontraktil berdiameter 17.3 nm dan panjang 100 nm. Bakteriofag litik LB1 memiliki stabilitas terbaik dalam buffer Ringers suhu 4 oC yang ditunjukkan dengan penurunan plak sebesar 28% setelah 3 minggu penyimpanan. Hasil pengujian efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa bakteriofag litik LB1 dapat mengurangi populasi sel Salmonella sebanyak 67,12% setelah 8 jam inkubasi. Bakteriofag litik LB1 memiliki 8 protein yang berbeda dengan berat molekul yang beragam 11.4 kDa, 19.6 kDa, 23 kDa, 33 kDa, 58.3 kDa, 77 kDa, 94.5 kDa, 133 kDa. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteriofag litik LB1 yang diisolasi pembuangan limbah domestik dapat secara efektif mengurangi Salmonella enterica dengan cara melisis sel bakteri. Bakteriofag litik LB1 berpeluang dapat digunakan sebagai biokontrol penyakit gastroenteritis yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella enterica. Stabilitas terbaik bakteriofag litik LB1 pada penyimpanan dalam buffer Ringer di suhu dingin (4oC), memiliki karakterisasi famili Siphoviridae, dapat mengurangi Salmonella enterica sebanyak 67.12% setelah 8 jam inkubasi, dan memiliki berat molekul 11.4-133 kDa.     Salmonella enterica is one of pathogenic bacteria causing gastroenteritis transmitted by water and food contamination which commonly occur in developing country.  Some study reported that Salmonella serovar enterica strains were multi-resistant to various of antibiotics. Lytic bacteriophage in Siphoviridae family offered a good solution to reduce gastroenterytis disease caused by Salmonella enterica. This  reseach aim was to isolate, effectivity test of LB 1 and to characterize lytic bacteriophage as biocontrol of gastroenterytis. Methodology and results were LB1 lytic bacteriophage was isolated from domestic waste using double layer plaque technique, was determined by the plaque morphology, the structure, the host range, the activity to lyse bacterial host cells, the stability of phage on different buffer conditions, and the protein characterization. The results showed that LB1 only infects Salmonella enterica. Based on Electron Microscope Observation showed that LB1 is grouped into Siphoviridae. It has hexagonal-icosahedral head with 72.7 nm in diameter and long-non contractile tail with 100 nm in diameter. LB1 had a good storage stability in Ringers buffer at low temperature (40C), with viability of bacteriophage decreased by 28% after 3 weeks of storage. The effectiveness showed that LB1 could reduce Salmonella enterica by 67.12% after 8 hours of incubation. LB 1 has different proteins with molecular weights: 11.4 kDa, 19.6 kDa, 23 kDa, 33 kDa, 58.3 kDa, 77 kDa, 94.5 kDa, and 133 kDa. The conclusion was LB1 was isolated from sewage water were identified to reduces Salmonella enterica effectively with concentration of 8.2x108 CFU/mL. LB 1 can be used as a biocontrol of gastroenterytis caused by Salmonella enterica, LB 1 has the best stability in buffer ringers in cold temperatures (4oC) and proven as Siphoviridae family, reduced Salmonella enterica by 67.12% after 8 hours of incubation, and has protein molecule with molecular weight 11.4 to 133 kDa.
隔离、有效性和特点
肠炎沙门氏菌是由肠胃炎引起的致病菌之一,通过水和受污染的食物传播,经常发生在发展中国家。几种肠道沙门氏菌对各种抗生素具有多重耐药性。在减少肠道沙门氏菌引起的肠胃炎的发生方面,细胞病毒科的Lithical噬菌体可以是一种替代解决方案。本研究的目的是分离并测定其骨盆中的Lytic Bacteriophage 1(LB1)lithic噬菌体,即肠胃炎引起的肠炎沙门氏菌的能力,并鉴定LB1 lithic巨噬细胞作为肠胃炎疾病的生物控制物的特性。使用双层菌斑技术从生活垃圾处理中分离出锂噬菌体。根据菌斑形态、锂结构、inang、肠炎沙门氏菌的细胞裂解活性、在不同缓冲条件下的稳定性和蛋白质特性鉴定了锂噬菌体。LB1锂噬菌体只感染肠炎沙门氏菌细胞。使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)的测试结果,包括在细胞病毒科中的LB1噬锂细菌。六角二十面体头部形态直径72.7纳米,非收缩尾部直径17.3纳米,长度100纳米。LB1锂噬菌体在4℃Ringers缓冲液中具有最佳稳定性,储存3周后菌斑减少28%。功效测试结果表明,LB1锂噬菌体培养8小时后,可使沙门氏菌细胞群减少67.12%。液体噬菌体LB1具有8种不同的蛋白质,分子量分别为11.4kDa、19.6kDa,23kDa和33kDa。本研究表明,从生活垃圾处理中分离出的LB1锂噬菌体可以通过改善细菌细胞来有效减少肠炎沙门氏菌。液体LB1噬菌体可用于肠道沙门氏菌引起的肠胃炎的生物防治。在低温(4℃)的林格缓冲液中储存的最佳LB1锂吞噬稳定性,具有细胞病毒科的特征,培养8小时后可将肠炎沙门氏菌减少67.12%,分子量为11.4-133kDa。肠炎沙门氏菌是发展中国家常见的由水和食物污染引起肠胃炎的致病菌之一。一些研究报道,肠炎血清型沙门氏菌菌株对多种抗生素具有多重耐药性。细胞病毒科的Lytic噬菌体为减少由沙门氏菌引起的胃肠道疾病提供了一个很好的解决方案。本研究是为了分离、有效性测试LB 1,并将裂解噬菌体表征为胃肠病的生物控制。方法和结果:利用双层菌斑技术从生活垃圾中分离出LB1裂解噬菌体,通过菌斑形态、结构、宿主范围、裂解细菌宿主细胞的活性、噬菌体在不同缓冲条件下的稳定性和蛋白质特性进行了测定。结果表明,LB1只感染肠炎沙门氏菌。电镜观察表明,LB1属于细夜蛾病毒科。它具有直径为72.7nm的六边形二十面体头部和直径为100nm的不可收缩的长尾巴。LB1在低温(40℃)的Ringers缓冲液中具有良好的储存稳定性,储存3周后噬菌体活力下降28%。试验结果表明,LB1培养8小时后可使肠炎沙门氏菌减少67.12%。LB1具有不同的蛋白质,分子量分别为:11.4kDa、19.6kDa,23kDa和33kDa。结果表明,从污水中分离得到的LB1在浓度为8.2x108CFU/mL时能有效降低肠炎沙门氏菌。LB 1可作为肠道沙门氏菌引起的胃肠道炎的生物防治剂,在低温(4℃)下,LB 1在缓冲环中具有最佳的稳定性,被证明是细胞病毒科,培养8小时后,肠道沙门氏杆菌减少了67.12%,蛋白质分子量为11.4至133kDa。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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