Claudia Mercedes Ordoñez Espinosa, Juan Carlos Suárez Salazar, Jesus Orlando Rangel Churio, David Saavedra Mora
{"title":"Los sistemas agroforestales y la incidencia sobre el estatus hídrico en árboles de cacao","authors":"Claudia Mercedes Ordoñez Espinosa, Juan Carlos Suárez Salazar, Jesus Orlando Rangel Churio, David Saavedra Mora","doi":"10.18684/BSAA.V19.N1.2021.1623","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl cacao se cultiva bajo sistemas de produccion como los agroforestales y libre exposicion solar, su uso depende de las regiones agroecologicas donde se cultiva. El manejo del dosel de sombra incide en las condiciones microclimaticas que beneficia el comportamiento hidrico (flujo de savia Vs y potencial hidrico Ѱ) de la planta de cacao. Se evaluo como la modificacion del dosel de sombra (sistemas a libre exposicion solar SLE y agroforestales con media MPAR y baja BPAR radiacion transmitida) afectan el comportamiento hidrico en arboles de cacao en epocas contrastantes de precipitacion. Para medir el Vs y Ѱ se instalaron sensores de calor y psicrometros de tallo en arboles de cacao tipo CCN51. Se encontro un efecto del sistema de produccion y epoca de monitoreo sobre el Vs y Ѱ en las plantas de cacao. El comportamiento del Ѱ fue mayor en SLE en las dos epocas, pero se acentuo mas en la epoca de minima precipitacion. Se encontro un comportamiento contrario en Vs, donde esta variable fue mayor en BPAR durante la epoca de minima precipitacion. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos el manejo de doseles de sombra en cultivos de cacao bajo climas suboptimos incide positivamente en el estatus hidrico. EnglishCocoa is grown under production systems such as agroforestry and full sunli-ght exposition, its use depends on the agroecological regions where it is culti-vated. The management of the shade canopy affects the microclimatic condi-tions that mainly benefit the hydric behaviour (sap flow Vs and water potential Ѱ) in the cocoa plant. It was evaluated how the modification of the shade ca-nopy (full sunlight exposition systems SLE and agroforestry with MPAR medium and low BPAR transmitted radiation) affects the water status of cocoa trees in contrasting periods of precipitation. For the measurement of Vs and Ѱ heat sensors and stem psychrometers were installed in cocoa type CCN51 trees. An effect of the production system and monitoring season on Vs andѰ was found in cocoa plants. The Ѱ was higher in SLE in both seasons, but it was more ac-centuated in the period of minimum precipitation. A contrary behavior was found in Vs, since in minimum precipitation this variable was greater in BPAR. According to the results obtained, the management of shade canopies in cocoa crops under suboptimal climates positively affects water status.","PeriodicalId":56220,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnologia en el Sector Agropecuario y Agroindustrial","volume":"19 1","pages":"256-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biotecnologia en el Sector Agropecuario y Agroindustrial","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18684/BSAA.V19.N1.2021.1623","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Abstract
espanolEl cacao se cultiva bajo sistemas de produccion como los agroforestales y libre exposicion solar, su uso depende de las regiones agroecologicas donde se cultiva. El manejo del dosel de sombra incide en las condiciones microclimaticas que beneficia el comportamiento hidrico (flujo de savia Vs y potencial hidrico Ѱ) de la planta de cacao. Se evaluo como la modificacion del dosel de sombra (sistemas a libre exposicion solar SLE y agroforestales con media MPAR y baja BPAR radiacion transmitida) afectan el comportamiento hidrico en arboles de cacao en epocas contrastantes de precipitacion. Para medir el Vs y Ѱ se instalaron sensores de calor y psicrometros de tallo en arboles de cacao tipo CCN51. Se encontro un efecto del sistema de produccion y epoca de monitoreo sobre el Vs y Ѱ en las plantas de cacao. El comportamiento del Ѱ fue mayor en SLE en las dos epocas, pero se acentuo mas en la epoca de minima precipitacion. Se encontro un comportamiento contrario en Vs, donde esta variable fue mayor en BPAR durante la epoca de minima precipitacion. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos el manejo de doseles de sombra en cultivos de cacao bajo climas suboptimos incide positivamente en el estatus hidrico. EnglishCocoa is grown under production systems such as agroforestry and full sunli-ght exposition, its use depends on the agroecological regions where it is culti-vated. The management of the shade canopy affects the microclimatic condi-tions that mainly benefit the hydric behaviour (sap flow Vs and water potential Ѱ) in the cocoa plant. It was evaluated how the modification of the shade ca-nopy (full sunlight exposition systems SLE and agroforestry with MPAR medium and low BPAR transmitted radiation) affects the water status of cocoa trees in contrasting periods of precipitation. For the measurement of Vs and Ѱ heat sensors and stem psychrometers were installed in cocoa type CCN51 trees. An effect of the production system and monitoring season on Vs andѰ was found in cocoa plants. The Ѱ was higher in SLE in both seasons, but it was more ac-centuated in the period of minimum precipitation. A contrary behavior was found in Vs, since in minimum precipitation this variable was greater in BPAR. According to the results obtained, the management of shade canopies in cocoa crops under suboptimal climates positively affects water status.
西班牙可可是在农林业和自由阳光照射等生产系统下种植的,它的使用取决于它种植的农业生态区域。背管理受益的影子投射在microclimaticas条件hidrico行为(液流Vs和潜力hidricoѰ可可植物的)。研究了遮荫树冠(SLE自由阳光照射系统和平均MPAR和低BPAR辐射的农林复合系统)在不同降雨季节对可可树水分行为的影响。衡量VsѰ一队队热传感器和psicrometros头在可可树CCN51类型。找到了影响系统的监视和日子Vs和Ѱ可可中的工厂。Ѱ行为在两个epocas SLE较高,但是acentuo更在一个长条precipitacion的日子。在vvs中,该变量在降水最小时期的BPAR中较高。结果表明,在次最佳气候条件下,遮荫层管理对可可作物的水分状况有积极的影响。英国可可是在农林业和完全阳光照射等生产系统下种植的,其用途取决于其种植的农业生态区域。The management of The shade canopy affects The microclimatic condi-tions that The hydric行为mainly政策方针(sap flow Vs and water潜在Ѱ)in The cocoa plant。本研究评估了遮荫(全阳光照射系统SLE和具有中等MPAR和低BPAR透射辐射的农林业)的变化如何影响可可树的水状况,而不是降水期。For the measurement of Vs andѰ热交换器sensors and干细胞psychrometers是installed in cocoa type CCN51和。An effect of the production system and monitoring season on Vs andѰwas found in cocoa 147美元。TheѰwas higher in SLE in both四季,but it was more ac-centuated in The period of minimum precipitation。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查,这个县的总面积为,其中土地和(0.984平方公里)水。根据研究结果,在次最佳气候条件下,可可作物遮荫树冠的管理对水的状况有积极的影响。