Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Urban Centres in Tafila Governorate, Using GIS

Abstract

This research paper investigates the spatial distribution of urban centres in Tafila Governorate, by determining their spatial extension, their actual centre of gravity, the expected and the median centre. To analyse this pattern spatial statistical methods were used and the technical capabilities represented by the technology of geographic information systems. The results of the study showed the average locations for the distribution of urban centres, the location of the spatial mean, the weighted spatial mean according to the population, and the location of the spatial mediator and the weighted spatial mediator. A convergence between these sites was found clearly evident. In addition, the weighted standard distance for the spread of urban centres was calculated, and the direction of the spatial distribution of the urban centres was determined to show the extent of dispersion of those centres around the weighted spatial mean. The study also showed that the distribution pattern of urban centres in the governorate takes the spatial scattered pattern by applying the closest neighbour analysis; the analysis showed the population weight in the form of points and in the form of rings reflecting the population density of the communities in each of the areas selected for study. In addition, by using Thiessen polygons, the drawing of urban centres’ areas (regions) was revealed. The study recommended the necessity of classifying urban centres, developing special planning standards compatible with the local reality, and creating a comprehensive database in collaboration with the authorities responsible with the planning process of urban centres.