Book Review: Representations of Transnational Human Trafficking: Present-Day News Media, True Crime, and Fiction by Christiana Gregoriou

IF 1.4 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Ann-Marie Helou
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In 2000, the United Nations and its member countries sought to address the problem of transnational human trafficking (THT). This led to the Palermo Protocol to “Prevent Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children” (2). For the public, our understanding of THT comes from the media and its portrayal of the crime, policy, and impact of THT. The media, therefore, plays a significant role in shaping public discourse and opinion on THT, the victims, and the perpetrators. In this edited volume, Gregoriou seeks to explore how various forms of media shape this dialogue. To do this, Gregoriou calls on experts in the field of language, culture, and communication to explore different forms of media and how they contribute to the public consciousness of THT. There are two critical arguments made throughout the book. First, the authors argue that the media does not engage nearly enough with global institutions and wealth inequalities that lead to THT. In particular, the media lacks a critical awareness in tying trafficking to issues of local instability, war, and poverty, often caused by the West. Circumstances that prompt individuals to leave their country, opening a market for traffickers. Second, the authors consistently discuss the role that gender plays in how the media chooses to define human trafficking and victims. For example, men are more likely to be trafficked for labor, so they are treated as illegal labor migrants rather than victims. Nuance is lost, and there is a lack of consideration for how men are controlled and abused by their traffickers. This ties into their argument about global inequality structures that lead men to seek out employment opportunities and fall victim to THT. The book has five chapters, all using data from after the Palermo Protocol. The first chapter is an introductory chapter and conceptualizes the multilayered issues surrounding human trafficking and how media narratives overlook them. The authors argue that media can play an important role in framing THT to encourage structural changes. The chapter does a wonderful job setting up the subsequent chapters to discuss the major issues of the media, THT, and how they interact. Chapters two and three both look at newspapers. The second chapter by Gregoriou and Ras (who also wrote chapter one) studies linguistic characteristics of daily and Sunday newspapers in the United Kingdom (UK). The importance of this chapter lies in how the authors clearly demonstrate that newspapers rely on specific words, turns of phrases, and tropes to describe the problem of THT. In doing so, the reader is shown just how one-dimensional news reporting is and how they obfuscate the structural issues leading to trafficking by describing trafficking as an imported problem. Chapter three builds on chapter two by comparing the same UK newspapers with Serbian ones. However, this chapter uses media and narrative theory to explore how newspapers Book Review
书评:跨国人口贩运的再现:当代新闻媒体、真实犯罪和小说
2000年,联合国及其成员国寻求解决跨国人口贩运问题。这导致了《巴勒莫议定书》“防止、打击和惩罚贩运人口,特别是妇女和儿童”(2)。对于公众来说,我们对贩卖人口的理解来自媒体及其对贩卖人口犯罪、政策和影响的描述。因此,媒体在塑造公众对THT、受害者和肇事者的言论和意见方面发挥着重要作用。在这本编辑过的书中,格雷戈里奥试图探索各种形式的媒体如何塑造这种对话。为此,Gregoriou呼吁语言、文化和传播领域的专家探索不同形式的媒体,以及它们如何促进公众对文化传播的意识。书中有两个关键的论点。首先,作者认为,媒体对导致THT的全球制度和财富不平等的了解远远不够。特别是,媒体在将人口贩卖与通常由西方造成的当地不稳定、战争和贫困问题联系起来方面缺乏批判性意识。促使个人离开自己国家的情况,为人贩子打开了市场。其次,作者一致地讨论了性别在媒体如何选择定义人口贩运和受害者方面所起的作用。例如,男性更有可能被贩卖为劳工,因此他们被视为非法劳工移民而不是受害者。忽略了细微差别,也没有考虑到男人是如何被人贩子控制和虐待的。这与他们关于全球不平等结构的论点有关,这种结构导致男性寻找就业机会并成为THT的受害者。这本书有五章,都使用了巴勒莫议定书之后的数据。第一章是介绍性章节,概述了围绕人口贩运的多层次问题以及媒体叙述如何忽视这些问题。作者认为,媒体可以在构建THT以鼓励结构变化方面发挥重要作用。这一章很好地为接下来的章节奠定了基础,讨论了媒体的主要问题,THT,以及它们如何相互作用。第二章和第三章都是关于报纸的。Gregoriou和Ras(他们也是第一章的作者)的第二章研究了英国日报和周日报纸的语言特征。本章的重要性在于作者如何清楚地证明报纸依赖于特定的单词,短语的转变,和比喻来描述THT的问题。在这样做的过程中,读者看到了新闻报道是多么的片面,以及他们是如何通过将人口贩运描述为一个进口问题来混淆导致人口贩运的结构性问题的。第三章在第二章的基础上,比较了同样的英国报纸和塞尔维亚报纸。然而,本章运用媒介与叙事理论来探讨报纸如何进行书评
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来源期刊
International Criminal Justice Review
International Criminal Justice Review CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
6.20%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: International Criminal Justice Review is a scholarly journal dedicated to presenting system wide trends and problems on crime and justice throughout the world. Articles may focus on a single country or compare issues affecting two or more countries. Both qualitative and quantitative pieces are encouraged, providing they adhere to standards of quality scholarship. Manuscripts may emphasize either contemporary or historical topics. As a peer-reviewed journal, we encourage the submission of articles, research notes, and commentaries that focus on crime and broadly defined justice-related topics in an international and/or comparative context.
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