The Cultural and Chronological Variability of the Epigravettian of the Middle Dnieper Basin

IF 0.3 4区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
V. Chabai, D. Stupak, Andrii Veselskyi, D. Dudnyk
{"title":"The Cultural and Chronological Variability of the Epigravettian of the Middle Dnieper Basin","authors":"V. Chabai, D. Stupak, Andrii Veselskyi, D. Dudnyk","doi":"10.15407/archaeologyua2020.02.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The cultural subdivision of the Mid Dnieper Epigravettian is based on the typological peculiarities of stone insets of projectile weapons from 22 stratified assemblages. The Mezhyrich, Mizyn, Yudinovo and Ovruch industries, as well as the number of assemblage’s types were defined (Nuzhnyi 2008). The insets of Mezhyrich industry are represented by lanceolate-backed points and rectangular microliths. Both were made on bladelets and micro-blades, sometimes by inverse and alternate retouch (Fig. 1: 1-18). The lanceolate points made on flakes, blades and bladelets by abrupt/semi-abrupt retouch and “atypical rectangles” produced on blades and bladelets are the characteristic feature of Yudinovo industry (Fig. 1: 19-33). The micro-points on bladelets and micro-blades with straight back and obliquely retouched/truncated base are common for Mizyn industry (Fig. 2, 1-18). The Ovruch industry is represented by backed lanceolate points made on blades and bladelets (Fig. 2: 19-26). Often, the bases of these points are obliquely retouched. The rectangles  are not common for Mizyn and Ovruch industries, as well as inverse and alternate types of retouch are rare in the assemblages of Yudinovo and Ovruch industries. \nThe chronological studies are based on 135 radiocarbon dates from 16 sites (Table 1; Fig. 3). The earliest manifestation of Epigravettian at the Mid Dnieper basin was found in Barmaky, 2 (19195-18743, av. 68 % range cal BP) in Volhynia; the latest appearance is known from Pushkari IX, 1 (13672-13066, av. 68 % range cal BP) at the Desna River. That is, at the territory of the Mid Dnieper basin the Epigravettian techno-complex stretches from 20/19 to 14/13 kyr cal BP. In general, the most number of occupations with Mizyn, Yudinovo and Mezhyrich Epigravettian industries assemblages co-exist during 18,5-17,0 kyr cal BP (Fig. 4). The radiocarbon dates for sites of Ovruch industry haven’t been available, yet. \nOn the base of typological studies and chronological data analysis the hypothesis about the Epigravettian evolution at the territory of the Mid Dnieper basin has been proposed. The evolution of local Gravettian industries was interrupted about the beginning of LGM time. The latest manifestations of Gravettian industries from the Desna River basin and from Volhynia are dated to about 28,4-24 and 33-30 kyr cal BP, respectively. That is, the Mid Dnieper basin was depopulated during as minimum as 5-6 thousands years, from 25/24 to 20/19 kyr cal BP. That time corresponds with LGM climatic deterioration. About 19 kyr cal BP the recolonization of this territory begins from the western part of the basin. The Mizyn and Ovruch industries show the number of common techno-typological features with Epigravettian assemblages from the Eastern Carpathian and the Prut/Dniester basins. The problem of Yudinovo and Mezhyrich industries origin is more complicated. Some technological features and shells import suggest possible connections with inhabitants from more southern territories of the steppe zone. \nThe proposed paper is a part of the studies conducted in the frames of the Archaeology Institute state projects and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant DFG-392605832 “Social networks and environmental conditions before, during and after Last Glacial Maximum in Volhynia, Western Ukraine”.","PeriodicalId":46362,"journal":{"name":"ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"2 1","pages":"5-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"6","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ARCHAEOLOGY","FirstCategoryId":"1090","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15407/archaeologyua2020.02.005","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ARCHAEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6

Abstract

The cultural subdivision of the Mid Dnieper Epigravettian is based on the typological peculiarities of stone insets of projectile weapons from 22 stratified assemblages. The Mezhyrich, Mizyn, Yudinovo and Ovruch industries, as well as the number of assemblage’s types were defined (Nuzhnyi 2008). The insets of Mezhyrich industry are represented by lanceolate-backed points and rectangular microliths. Both were made on bladelets and micro-blades, sometimes by inverse and alternate retouch (Fig. 1: 1-18). The lanceolate points made on flakes, blades and bladelets by abrupt/semi-abrupt retouch and “atypical rectangles” produced on blades and bladelets are the characteristic feature of Yudinovo industry (Fig. 1: 19-33). The micro-points on bladelets and micro-blades with straight back and obliquely retouched/truncated base are common for Mizyn industry (Fig. 2, 1-18). The Ovruch industry is represented by backed lanceolate points made on blades and bladelets (Fig. 2: 19-26). Often, the bases of these points are obliquely retouched. The rectangles  are not common for Mizyn and Ovruch industries, as well as inverse and alternate types of retouch are rare in the assemblages of Yudinovo and Ovruch industries. The chronological studies are based on 135 radiocarbon dates from 16 sites (Table 1; Fig. 3). The earliest manifestation of Epigravettian at the Mid Dnieper basin was found in Barmaky, 2 (19195-18743, av. 68 % range cal BP) in Volhynia; the latest appearance is known from Pushkari IX, 1 (13672-13066, av. 68 % range cal BP) at the Desna River. That is, at the territory of the Mid Dnieper basin the Epigravettian techno-complex stretches from 20/19 to 14/13 kyr cal BP. In general, the most number of occupations with Mizyn, Yudinovo and Mezhyrich Epigravettian industries assemblages co-exist during 18,5-17,0 kyr cal BP (Fig. 4). The radiocarbon dates for sites of Ovruch industry haven’t been available, yet. On the base of typological studies and chronological data analysis the hypothesis about the Epigravettian evolution at the territory of the Mid Dnieper basin has been proposed. The evolution of local Gravettian industries was interrupted about the beginning of LGM time. The latest manifestations of Gravettian industries from the Desna River basin and from Volhynia are dated to about 28,4-24 and 33-30 kyr cal BP, respectively. That is, the Mid Dnieper basin was depopulated during as minimum as 5-6 thousands years, from 25/24 to 20/19 kyr cal BP. That time corresponds with LGM climatic deterioration. About 19 kyr cal BP the recolonization of this territory begins from the western part of the basin. The Mizyn and Ovruch industries show the number of common techno-typological features with Epigravettian assemblages from the Eastern Carpathian and the Prut/Dniester basins. The problem of Yudinovo and Mezhyrich industries origin is more complicated. Some technological features and shells import suggest possible connections with inhabitants from more southern territories of the steppe zone. The proposed paper is a part of the studies conducted in the frames of the Archaeology Institute state projects and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant DFG-392605832 “Social networks and environmental conditions before, during and after Last Glacial Maximum in Volhynia, Western Ukraine”.
第聂伯河中盆地上坡期的文化和年代学变化
第聂伯河中部Epigravettian的文化细分是基于22个分层组合的投射武器嵌石的类型学特征。定义了Mezhyrich、Mizyn、Yudinovo和Ovruch工业,以及装配类型的数量(Nuzhnyi,2008年)。Mezhyrich工业的镶嵌物以披针形的背点和矩形的微晶体为代表。两者都是在叶片和微叶片上制作的,有时通过反向和交替的修饰(图1:1-18)。通过突然/半突然的修饰在薄片、叶片和叶片上形成的披针形点以及在叶片和叶片中产生的“非典型矩形”是Yudinovo工业的特征(图1:19-33)。叶片上的微型点和具有直背和倾斜修整/截断底座的微型叶片在Mizyn工业中很常见(图2,1-18)。Ovruch产业以叶片和叶片上的背状披针形尖端为代表(图2:19-26)。通常,这些要点的基础都是倾斜修饰的。矩形在Mizyn和Ovruch行业并不常见,相反和交替类型的修饰在Yudinovo和Ovroch行业的组合中也很少见。年代研究基于16个地点的135个放射性碳年代(表1;图3)。第聂伯河盆地中部的Epigravettian最早出现在Volhynia的Barmaky,2(19195-18743,平均68%的cal-BP);最新的出现是从Desna河的Pushkari IX,1(13672-13066,平均68%的cal BP)中得知的。也就是说,在第聂伯河中部盆地的领土上,Epigravettian技术综合体从20/19 kyr cal BP延伸至14/13 kyr cal BP。一般来说,在18,5-17,0 kyr cal BP期间,与Mizyn、Yudinovo和Mezhyrich Epigravettian工业组合共存的职业数量最多(图4)。奥夫鲁奇工业遗址的放射性碳年代尚未公布。在类型学研究和年代资料分析的基础上,提出了中第聂伯河流域Epigravettian演化的假说。当地格雷夫蒂工业的发展在LGM时代开始时被中断。Desna河流域和Volhynia的Gravettian工业的最新表现分别可追溯到约28,4-24和33-30 kyr cal BP。也就是说,从25/24至20/19 kyr cal BP,第聂伯河中部盆地至少在5-6千年内人口减少。该时间与LGM气候恶化相对应。大约19 kyr cal BP,该地区的重新殖民始于盆地的西部。Mizyn和Ovruch工业显示出许多常见的技术类型特征,具有东喀尔巴阡和普鲁特/德涅斯特盆地的Epigravettian组合。Yudinovo和Mezhyrich产业的起源问题更为复杂。一些技术特征和贝壳进口表明,它们可能与草原地区更南部地区的居民有联系。该论文是在考古研究所国家项目和德国基金会DFG-392605832“乌克兰西部沃尔尼亚最后一次冰川盛期之前、期间和之后的社会网络和环境条件”的框架下进行的研究的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
ARCHAEOLOGY
ARCHAEOLOGY ARCHAEOLOGY-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信