Language Contact and Gender in Tetun Dili: What Happens When Austronesian Meets Romance?

IF 0.4 3区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

OCEANIC LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI:10.1353/OL.2019.0003

J. Hajek, C. W. Klinken

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Abstract:Tetun Dili is an Austronesian language and one of the two official languages in Timor-Leste, alongside Portuguese with which it has been in contact for centuries. In this detailed study, we describe various aspects of gender in Tetun Dili, in both native and borrowed vocabulary. We identify marked differences between gender marking in native and borrowed Portuguese words, with Tetun prioritizing the feminine, and Portuguese the masculine. We show that through contact with Portuguese, Tetun Dili has also developed "marginal" gender, with grammatical gender agreement being optional but increasingly common for Portuguese loans, mainly in the acrolect. Grammatical agreement is also spreading to a handful of non-Portuguese words, to which there is evidence of incipient grammatical gender assignment. Some comparisons are made with developments in Chamorro and Tagalog, two Austronesian languages heavily influenced by Spanish (closely related to Portuguese), for which gender contact effects have previously been described in some detail. We conclude with a set of more general typological observations.

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德顿帝力的语言接触和性别:南岛人遇到浪漫会发生什么?

摘要：德顿-帝力语是南岛语，是东帝汶的两种官方语言之一，与葡萄牙语有着数百年的联系。在这项详细的研究中，我们用母语和外来语描述了德顿帝力性别的各个方面。我们发现了母语和外来葡萄牙语单词的性别标记之间的显著差异，Tetun优先考虑女性，葡萄牙语优先考虑男性。我们表明，通过与葡萄牙人的接触，德顿-帝力也发展出了“边缘”性别，语法上的性别认同是可选的，但在葡萄牙贷款中越来越常见，主要是在acroct中。语法一致性也蔓延到少数非葡萄牙语单词，有证据表明这些单词的语法性别分配刚刚开始。将其与查莫罗语和他加禄语的发展进行了一些比较，这两种南岛语言深受西班牙语的影响（与葡萄牙语密切相关），此前曾详细描述过这两种语言的性别接触效应。最后，我们提出了一组更一般的类型学观察。

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来源期刊

OCEANIC LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

44.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： Oceanic Linguistics is the only journal devoted exclusively to the study of the indigenous languages of the Oceanic area and parts of Southeast Asia. The thousand-odd languages within the scope of the journal are the aboriginal languages of Australia, the Papuan languages of New Guinea, and the languages of the Austronesian (or Malayo-Polynesian) family. Articles in Oceanic Linguistics cover issues of linguistic theory that pertain to languages of the area, report research on historical relations, or furnish new information about inadequately described languages.