Neurostimulation and Pupillometry: New Directions for Learning and Research in Applied Linguistics

IF 2.8 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Annual Review of Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI:10.1017/S0267190520000069

Nick B. Pandža, I. Phillips, Valerie Karuzis, Polly O'Rourke, Stefanie E. Kuchinsky

{"title":"Neurostimulation and Pupillometry: New Directions for Learning and Research in Applied Linguistics","authors":"Nick B. Pandža, I. Phillips, Valerie Karuzis, Polly O'Rourke, Stefanie E. Kuchinsky","doi":"10.1017/S0267190520000069","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper begins by discussing new trends in the use of neurostimulation techniques in cognitive science and learning research, as well as the nascent research on their application in second language learning. To illustrate this, an experiment designed to investigate the impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), which is delivered via earbuds, on how learners process and learn Mandarin tones is reported. Pupillometry, which is an index of cognitive effort, is explained and illustrated as one way to assess the impact of tVNS. Participants in the study were native English speakers, naïve to tone languages, pseudorandomly assigned to active or control conditions, while balancing for nonlinguistic pitch ability and musical experience. Their performance after tVNS was assessed using a range of more traditional language outcome measures, including accuracy and reaction times from lexical recognition and recall tasks and was triangulated with pupillometry during word-learning to help understand the mechanism through which tVNS operates. Findings are discussed in light of the literatures on lexical tone learning, cognitive effort, and neurostimulation, including specific benefits for learners of tone languages. Recommendations are made for future work on the increasingly popular area of neurostimulation for the field of applied linguistics in the 40th anniversary issue of ARAL.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"40 1","pages":"56 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0267190520000069","citationCount":"11","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190520000069","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Abstract

Abstract This paper begins by discussing new trends in the use of neurostimulation techniques in cognitive science and learning research, as well as the nascent research on their application in second language learning. To illustrate this, an experiment designed to investigate the impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), which is delivered via earbuds, on how learners process and learn Mandarin tones is reported. Pupillometry, which is an index of cognitive effort, is explained and illustrated as one way to assess the impact of tVNS. Participants in the study were native English speakers, naïve to tone languages, pseudorandomly assigned to active or control conditions, while balancing for nonlinguistic pitch ability and musical experience. Their performance after tVNS was assessed using a range of more traditional language outcome measures, including accuracy and reaction times from lexical recognition and recall tasks and was triangulated with pupillometry during word-learning to help understand the mechanism through which tVNS operates. Findings are discussed in light of the literatures on lexical tone learning, cognitive effort, and neurostimulation, including specific benefits for learners of tone languages. Recommendations are made for future work on the increasingly popular area of neurostimulation for the field of applied linguistics in the 40th anniversary issue of ARAL.

查看原文本刊更多论文

神经刺激与瞳孔测量:应用语言学学习与研究的新方向

摘要本文首先讨论了神经刺激技术在认知科学和学习研究中的应用新趋势，以及在第二语言学习中应用的初步研究。为了说明这一点，报道了一项旨在研究通过耳塞进行的经皮迷走神经刺激（tVNS）对学习者处理和学习普通话音调的影响的实验。瞳孔测量是认知努力的一个指标，它被解释和说明为评估tVNS影响的一种方法。该研究的参与者是以英语为母语的人，对音调语言很天真，被伪随机地分配到主动或控制条件下，同时平衡非语言音高能力和音乐体验。他们在tVNS后的表现使用一系列更传统的语言结果测量进行评估，包括词汇识别和回忆任务的准确性和反应时间，并在单词学习过程中使用瞳孔测量进行三角测量，以帮助理解tVNS的运作机制。研究结果是根据有关词汇音调学习、认知努力和神经刺激的文献进行讨论的，包括音调语言学习者的具体益处。在ARAL 40周年纪念刊上，对应用语言学领域日益流行的神经刺激领域的未来工作提出了建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Annual Review of Applied Linguistics Multiple-

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

5.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Applied Linguistics publishes research on key topics in the broad field of applied linguistics. Each issue is thematic, providing a variety of perspectives on the topic through research summaries, critical overviews, position papers and empirical studies. Being responsive to the field, some issues are tied to the theme of that year''s annual conference of the American Association for Applied Linguistics. Also, at regular intervals an issue will take the approach of covering applied linguistics as a field more broadly, including coverage of critical or controversial topics. ARAL provides cutting-edge and timely articles on a wide number of areas, including language learning and pedagogy, second language acquisition, sociolinguistics, language policy and planning, language assessment, and research design and methodology, to name just a few.