Editors’ Note

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Boyd Cothran, Rosanne Currarino
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

“War,” the Prussian general andmilitary theorist Carl von Clausewitz famously observed, “is the continuation of politics by other means.”And although this issue is not concerned principally with formal warfare in the Napoleonic sense, our authors are interested in exploring how forms of social and psychological violence were used often to accomplish political ends throughout the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. We begin with Gideon Cohn-Poster’s article, “Vote for your Bread and Butter,”which examines the employers’ widespread use of economic voter intimidation throughout the 1870s and 1880s. Employers’ layoff threats and their systematic surveillance of workers at the polls amounted to economic warfare against workers exercising their political rights. In “Drug-Mad Negroes,”Douglas J. Flowe shows us the origins of martial metaphor that has defined the policing of Black America: the war on drugs. Flowe documents how the turn-of-the-century American public connected the specter of cocaine “delirium” to common anxieties about Black crime and miscegenation while simultaneously defining white Americans’ drug use as a treatable problem thereby ensuring an enduring unequal police response. Confronted by the failure of the nation’s political leaders to address these pervasive forms of racial violence and intimidation, Black voters became increasingly disillusioned by the promises of equality once peddled by the Republican Party. David Oks, an undergraduate at the University of Oxford and former manager of Mike Gravel’s 2020 presidential campaign, argues that the 1916 presidential election was an important moment in which Black voters gave voice to their discontentment with the GOP, creating the atmosphere that would eventually see Black voters shift to the Democratic Party in the 1920s and 1930s. Teaching the history of racial violence in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era has never been more important, and this issue includes a series of microsyllabi five scholars developed over the last year in response to the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis Police officer Derek Chauvin. Thesemicrosyllabi collect articles and other readings on the history of racial violence in our era and offer us all an opportunity to reflect on howwe can better teach these sensitive and important topics. Finally, we conclude this issue, as always, with a fascinating and engaging selection of book reviews.
编者注
“战争,”普鲁士将军和军事理论家卡尔·冯·克劳塞维茨(Carl von Clausewitz)有句名言:“是政治通过其他方式的延续。”虽然这个问题主要与拿破仑意义上的正式战争无关,但我们的作者感兴趣的是探索在镀金时代和进步时代,社会和心理暴力的形式是如何经常被用来实现政治目的的。我们从Gideon Cohn-Poster的文章《为你的面包和黄油投票》开始,这篇文章研究了雇主在19世纪70年代和80年代广泛使用的经济选民恐吓。雇主们的裁员威胁和他们在投票站对工人的系统监视,相当于对行使政治权利的工人的经济战。在《吸毒狂黑人》(Drug-Mad Negroes)一书中,道格拉斯·j·弗洛(Douglas J. Flowe)向我们展示了界定美国黑人治安的军事隐喻的起源:毒品战争。弗洛记录了世纪之交的美国公众是如何将可卡因“精神错乱”的幽灵与对黑人犯罪和异族通婚的普遍焦虑联系起来的,同时又将美国白人吸毒定义为一个可以治疗的问题,从而确保警察的反应长期不平等。面对国家政治领导人未能解决这些普遍存在的种族暴力和恐吓形式,黑人选民对共和党曾经兜售的平等承诺越来越失望。牛津大学(University of Oxford)本科生、迈克•格拉弗(Mike Gravel) 2020年总统竞选的前经理戴维•奥克斯(David Oks)认为,1916年的总统选举是黑人选民表达对共和党不满的重要时刻,它创造了一种氛围,最终导致黑人选民在20世纪二三十年代转向民主党。教授镀金时代和进步时代的种族暴力历史从来没有像现在这样重要,这个问题包括去年五位学者为回应明尼阿波利斯警察德里克·肖文(Derek Chauvin)谋杀乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)而开发的一系列微教学大纲。这些半微型教学大纲收集了有关我们这个时代种族暴力历史的文章和其他阅读材料,为我们所有人提供了一个反思如何更好地教授这些敏感和重要主题的机会。最后,我们一如既往地以一系列引人入胜、引人入胜的书评来结束本期节目。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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