The Association between Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Nephropathy among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Attending PSMMC Primary Health Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a public health concern and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In general, most type 2 diabetic patients are managed in primary healthcare centers. Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) must not be neglected among patients, and studies suggest that DR is a predictive factor for Diabetic Nephropathy (DN). Aim: To evaluate the possible associations between retinopathy and nephropathy in Saudi patients with type 2 DM attending family medical centers. Methodology: A retrospective study included patients with type 2 diabetes reporting for fundus photography at the Retina Clinic at Al-Wazarat center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2019