Factors Regarding Adherence to Medication in Patients with Hypertension Based on Health Belief Model in the South of Kerman, Iran, in 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is the most important public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with medication adherence of  hypertension based on the health belief model. Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. In this study, 403 hypertensive patients in Shahdad and Andoohjerd of  Kerman were selected by census method. Data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire including the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Moriskyself-report questionnaire. Cronbach alph was 0.9. Then the data were analysed by SPSS vesrsion 24 and the significance level was P< 0.05. mean (SD), Frequency (percent) used to descriptive statistics and two Independent sample  t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Binary Logistic Regression were used for data analysis. All statistical analysis were done in SPSS 19 with significant level of 5 %. Results: More than half of the patients (57.1%) had poor medication adherence. Most of the subjects (84.1%) used less than three drugs. Chi square test results showed a significant relationship between drug compliance and age group, education and job  results of  multiple logistic regression showed, three factors of awareness (OR=1.116, p =0.016), cues to action (OR=0.68, p =0.030)  and perceived barriers (OR=0.83, p=<0.001) had significant effect on Medication Adherence . Conclusion: Effective interventions based on the health belief model and with emphasis on raising awareness, practicing guide and removing perceived barriers can increase medication adherence in patients with hypertension.