天津市春季道路降尘PM 2.5 中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价

Q2 Environmental Science

环境科学研究 Pub Date : 2018-05-25 DOI:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2018.03.12

李越洋, 姬亚芹, 王士宝, 张蕾, 赵静琦

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

为研究天津市春季道路降尘PM2.5中重金属污染特征及健康风险，于2015年3月22日-5月23日用降尘缸采集天津市主干道、次干道、支路、快速路道路两侧道路降尘样品，利用再悬浮系统将道路降尘中PM2.5悬浮至滤膜上，并用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定了PM2.5中7种重金属（Ni、Pb、Cd、As、Mn、Cu和Zn）的质量分数.结果表明：道路降尘PM2.5中Ni、Pb、Cd、As、Mn、Cu和Zn质量分数平均值分别为37.05、82.50、1.73、25.65、380.18、201.08和736.43 mg/kg；Igeo（地累积指数）显示，Cd属于强污染，Zn和Cu属于中到强污染，Pb属于中度污染，As属于轻度污染，Ni和Mn属于无污染；健康风险评价显示，手-口摄入是道路降尘PM2.5中重金属进入人体的主要途径，儿童的暴露剂量和非致癌风险均高于成人，总非致癌风险次序为As > Pb > Mn > Cu > Zn > Cd > Ni，其中儿童手-口途径As的暴露风险商（HQing）及非致癌总风险（HI）均为1.23，大于限值（1），对儿童存在非致癌风险；其他重金属非致癌总风险均低于限值，对人体无非致癌风险；道路降尘PM2.5中Ni、As和Cd通过呼吸途径对人体均无致癌风险.

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Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of PM 2.5 in spring road dust in Tianjin

To study the heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risks of PM2.5 in spring road dust in Tianjin, dust samples were collected from both sides of Tianjin's main, secondary, branch, and expressway roads using a dust collector from March 22 to May 23, 2015. The resuspension system was used to suspend PM2.5 in road dust onto the filter membrane, The mass fractions of seven heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Cd, As, Mn, Cu, and Zn) in PM2.5 were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the average mass fractions of Ni, Pb, Cd, As, Mn, Cu, and Zn in PM2.5 were 37.05, 82.50, 1.73, 25.65, 380.18, 201.08, and 736.43 mg/kg, respectively; Igeo (Earth Accumulation Index) shows that Cd belongs to strong pollution, Zn and Cu belong to medium to strong pollution, Pb belongs to moderate pollution, As belongs to mild pollution, and Ni and Mn belong to no pollution; The health risk assessment shows that hand to mouth intake is the main pathway for heavy metals in road dust PM2.5 to enter the human body. Children's exposure dose and non carcinogenic risk are higher than adults, and the total non carcinogenic risk order is As>Pb>Mn>Cu>Zn>Cd>Ni. Among them, the exposure risk quotient (HQing) and non carcinogenic total risk (HI) of children's hand to mouth route As are 1.23, which is greater than the limit value (1), indicating a non carcinogenic risk for children; The total non carcinogenic risk of other heavy metals is below the limit, and there is no non carcinogenic risk to the human body; Ni, As, and Cd in road dust PM2.5 have no carcinogenic risk to humans through respiratory pathways

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