Heterogeneous Effects of Women's Schooling on Fertility, Literacy and Work: Evidence from Burundi's Free Primary Education Policy

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI:10.1093/jae/ejad002

Frederik Wild, D. Stadelmann

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Abstract

This article investigates the effect of women's schooling on fertility as well as on associated mechanisms by leveraging Burundi's free primary education policy (FPE) of 2005 as a natural experiment. Exogenous variation in schooling is identified through a fuzzy regression discontinuity design. Our results show that educational attainment was positively influenced by Burundi's FPE for women situated at all wealth levels. However, the relevant downstream effects of schooling—measured by fertility, literacy and work outcomes—reveal heterogenous treatment effects which are moderated by women's household wealth. While poor women profit in terms of increases in literacy (6.7 percentage-point increase for each year of policy-induced schooling), remunerated employment opportunities (5.7 percentage-point increase), as well as a reduction in desired and actual fertility outcomes (6.9 percentage-point reduction in teenage childbirth), none of these effects of additional education are observed for women from the wealthier households of our sample. The evidence of such a marked heterogeneity contributes to the growing literature examining the nexus between education and fertility in developing countries and helps to evaluate under which conditions the literature's findings may generalize.

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妇女上学对生育率、识字率和工作的异质性影响：来自布隆迪免费初等教育政策的证据

本文利用布隆迪2005年的免费初等教育政策作为一项自然实验，调查了妇女上学对生育率以及相关机制的影响。通过模糊回归不连续性设计识别学校教育中的外生变异。我们的研究结果表明，布隆迪对处于各种财富水平的妇女的FPE对教育程度产生了积极影响。然而，以生育率、识字率和工作成果衡量的学校教育的相关下游影响揭示了受女性家庭财富调节的异质性治疗效果。虽然贫困妇女从识字率的提高（政策性学校教育每年增加6.7个百分点）、有报酬的就业机会（增加5.7个百分点）以及预期和实际生育结果的减少（青少年生育减少6.9个百分点）方面获利，在我们的样本中，来自富裕家庭的女性没有观察到额外教育的这些影响。这种显著异质性的证据有助于越来越多的文献研究发展中国家的教育和生育率之间的关系，并有助于评估文献的发现在何种条件下可以推广。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.