In search of lost time: tracing the fossil diversity of Podocarpaceae through the ages

IF 2.3 2区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Ana Andruchow-Colombo, I. Escapa, L. Aagesen, K. Matsunaga
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Podocarpaceae are a morphologically diverse conifer family that have a cryptic fossil record reported since the Permian. We reviewed the fossil record of Podocarpaceae, tested the affinities of its oldest records using phylogenetic analyses, compiled macrofossil occurrence records, and investigated the diversity, distribution, and morphology of Podocarpaceae through time. We found that Permian, Triassic, and some Jurassic fossils referred to Podocarpaceae should not be placed in the family. Our total-evidence phylogenetic analyses, which sampled all major conifer lineages, recovered the Triassic Rissikia and the Jurassic Nothodacrium as stem-group conifers and the Jurassic Mataia as part of the Araucariales stem group. We further discuss the phylogenetic position of the Mesozoic enigmatic conifers Pararaucaria (Cheirolepidiaceae) and Telemachus (Voltziales), which were recovered most frequently in the conifer stem group. We conclude that the earliest reliable Podocarpaceae occurrences are from the Jurassic of both hemispheres and have scale-like leaves. Most extant genera appear in the fossil record between the Late Cretaceous and the Early Cenozoic. Many extant leaf morphologies appear in the Early Cretaceous, coeval with angiosperm diversification, consistent with the hypothesis that expanded leaves in Podocarpaceae are adaptive responses for light harvesting in angiosperm-dominated environments today.
寻找逝去的时光:追溯古往今来足足类化石的多样性
荚木科是一个形态多样的针叶树科,自二叠纪以来就有神秘的化石记录。我们回顾了荚螺科的化石记录,利用系统发育分析测试了其最古老记录的亲缘关系,汇编了大型化石发生记录,并研究了荚螺科随时间的多样性、分布和形态。我们发现二叠纪、三叠纪和一些侏罗纪的化石不应该被归入荚螺科。我们对所有主要针叶树谱系进行了全面的系统发育分析,发现三叠纪的Rissikia和侏罗纪的Nothodacrium是针叶树的茎群,侏罗纪的Mataia是Araucariales茎群的一部分。我们进一步讨论了中生代神秘针叶树Pararaucria(Cheirolepidiaceae)和Telemachus(Voltziales)的系统发育位置,它们在针叶树茎群中最常见。我们得出的结论是,最早可靠的罗汉果科植物出现于两个半球的侏罗纪,具有鳞片状的叶子。大多数现存属出现在白垩纪晚期至新生代早期的化石记录中。许多现存的叶片形态出现在白垩纪早期,与被子植物的多样化同时发生,这与荚果科膨胀的叶片是当今被子植物占主导地位的环境中对光采集的适应性反应的假设一致。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
54
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society publishes original papers on systematic and evolutionary botany and comparative studies of both living and fossil plants. Review papers are also welcomed which integrate fields such as cytology, morphogenesis, palynology and phytochemistry into a taxonomic framework. The Journal will only publish new taxa in exceptional circumstances or as part of larger monographic or phylogenetic revisions.
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