Políticas de desenvolvimento e da natureza: a pesca artesanal no processo de ambientalização da política pesqueira no Brasil

Abstract

This article approaches the environmentalization of fisheries policy carried out by the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), between 1989 and 1998, and outlines its repercussions, including the penalization that this brought to artisanal fishing. We consider as environmentalization the way in which sustainable development (SD) ideals were incorporated into the body of Brazilian environmental policy (during the 1990’s), promoting deep consequences in the regulatory policy toward artisanal fishing, by means of a technical justification (in ecological terms) to the modernization of the sector. However, this demand for modernization had already started in the 1920's, when fishing colonies were created by Brazilian Navy, but it gained a new direction with IBAMA’s performance. As a result the fishing population was stigmatized, instituting an increase in the means of control over their lives, techniques and artisanal knowledge.