Современные этиологические и патогенетические аспекты воспалительнодеструктивных процессов тканей пародонта

Abstract

The article presents the overview of modern etiological and pathogenetic aspects of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues, which have multifactorial origin. At the same time, one of the major factors causing inflammatory process development is periodontium pathogenic microorganisms where with the greatest aggression actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphiromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythus, prevotella intermedia prevail. Meanwhile, one of the main nutritious assets for bacteria is the soft dental plaque that is usually connected with an unsatisfactory hygienic condition of the oral cavity. A microcirculation disorder in periodontal vessels which is followed by blood velocity reduction and development of periodontal tissue hypoxia, generally at the level of capillaries is the main cause from the pathogenetic point of view of chronic periodontal disease development. This situation causes further increase of pathological process in periodontal tissues which is followed by severe disturbances of angioarchitecture where a degree of its expressiveness depends on intensity and duration of inflammatory process. The wide range of etiological and pathogenetic factors of pathological processes of periodontal tissues of inflammatory and destructive character needs further researches to improve the treatment-and-prophylactic dental help taking into account their possible reasons and mechanisms of cause and development.