Lower Cambrian volcanism in the Hawker Group and the Billy Creek Formation, Arrowie Basin, Flinders Ranges, South Australia

IF 1.2 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
N. Langsford, J. Jago
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract Widespread tuffs are known from the lower Cambrian succession of the Arrowie Basin, Flinders Ranges, mainly from the lower parts of both the Mernmerna Formation and the Billy Creek Formation. Up to 2.5 m of potassium-rich (K2O 6.32–9.60 wt%) rhyolite tuffs are known from the Mernmerna Formation, with the ‘Big Green Tuff’ from Bunyeroo Gorge yielding a TIMS age of 515.4 ± 0.2 Ma (i.e. unnamed Cambrian stage 3). The petrography of the Big Green Tuff, with numerous glass shards, suggests an explosive subaqueous pyroclastic deposit or ash-flow tuff. The presence of several layers of identical green tuff indicates that these were produced by a multi-phase volcanic event. There are up to thirty tuff horizons (5–50 cm thick) within the Warragee Member of the Billy Creek Formation. The tuffs within the Billy Creek Formation occur over a wide area, with an east–west extent of 250 km and a north–south extent of up to 80 km. It is suggested that they are in part ash-flow tuffs. A previous TIMS age for the Billy Creek Formation was 511.87 ± 0.14 Ma (i.e. unnamed Cambrian stage 4). The source of the tuffs, both from the Mernmerna Formation and the Billy Creek Formation is unknown. Detailed study of the whole-rock and trace-element geochemistry is required to fully document them. KEY POINTS Widespread tuffs have been known for about sixty years from the lower Cambrian Mernmerna and Billy Creek formations in the Flinders Ranges, but only a limited amount of work has been done on them. The potassium-rich rhyolitic tuffs of the Mernmerna Formation occur in several horizons up to 2.5 m thick, thus indicating a substantial volcanic event. Sources of the tuffs from both the Mernmerna and Billy Creek formations are unknown. The widespread distribution of both the Billy Creek Formation tuffs and the rhyolitic tuffs in the Mernmerna Formation and the uppermost Wilkawillina Formation indicates that the volcanic activity within the Arrowie Basin was widespread and at times intense.
南澳大利亚弗林德斯山脉阿罗伊盆地霍克群和比利溪组的下寒武纪火山活动
摘要弗林德斯山脉Arrowie盆地的下寒武纪序列中已知有广泛的凝灰岩,主要来自Mernmerna组和Billy Creek组的下部。高达2.5 m的富钾(K2O 6.32–9.60 wt%)的流纹岩凝灰岩来自Mernmerna组,Bunyeroo峡谷的“大绿凝灰岩”产生的TIMS年龄为515.4 ± 0.2 Ma(即未命名的寒武纪3期)。有大量玻璃碎片的大绿凝灰岩的岩石学表明,它是一个爆炸性的水下火山碎屑沉积物或灰流凝灰岩。几层相同的绿色凝灰岩的存在表明这些凝灰岩是由多期火山活动产生的。凝灰岩层位多达30个(5-50 cm厚)。Billy Creek组内的凝灰岩分布在广阔的区域,东西延伸250 公里,南北延伸达80公里 km。表明它们部分为灰流凝灰岩。Billy Creek组以前的TIMS年龄为511.87 ± 0.14 Ma(即未命名的寒武纪第4阶段)。凝灰岩来源不明,均来自Mernmerna组和Billy Creek组。需要对整个岩石和微量元素地球化学进行详细研究,以充分记录它们。关键点弗林德斯山脉下寒武纪Mernmerna和Billy Creek地层中广泛分布的凝灰岩已为人所知约60年,但对它们的研究数量有限。Mernmerna组的富钾流纹岩凝灰岩出现在几个厚度达2.5 m的层位中,因此表明发生了重大火山事件。Mernmerna和Billy Creek地层的凝灰岩来源不明。Mernmerna组和最上层Wilkawillina组中Billy Creek组凝灰岩和流纹质凝灰岩的广泛分布表明,Arrowie盆地内的火山活动广泛且有时强烈。
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来源期刊
Australian Journal of Earth Sciences
Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
8.30%
发文量
45
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences publishes peer-reviewed research papers as well as significant review articles of general interest to geoscientists. The Journal covers the whole field of earth science including basin studies, regional geophysical studies and metallogeny. There is usually a thematic issue each year featuring a selection of papers on a particular area of earth science. Shorter papers are encouraged and are given priority in publication. Critical discussion of recently published papers is also encouraged.
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