Índice de masa corporal pregestacional y ganancia de peso gestacional relacionados con el peso al nacer

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the relationship between the pregestational body mass index and the gestational weight gain with the birth weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional analytical study. Through probabilis- tic sampling, 197 pregnant women and their neonates participated, whose delivery was attended at the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital, 2018.The pregestational body mass index was classified as low weight, normal, overweight and obese; the gestational weight gain in insufficient, adequate and excessive; and the birth weight in grams. The variation of birth weight according to pregestational body mass index and weight gain were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA H tests, respectively. Similarly, a multiple linear regression model is required, a 95% confidence level is considered. RESULTS: The patients who started the pregnancy with obesity and low weight pre- sented neonates with greater birth weight (3516.9 ± 480.7 g and 3564 ± 148.5 g, respectively), it was determined that there is not association between the pregestational body mass index and the birth weight (p = 0.753). However, the birth weight was higher in postpartum women with excessive weight gain (3582.9 ± 442.1 g) and lower in those with insufficient weight gain (3278.9 ± 447.9 g), infantil futuro. 14,15,16 Por el contrario, la ganancia de peso insuficiente durante el embarazo es más propensa a que los hijos nazcan con bajo peso y sean pequeños para la edad gestacional. CONCLUSION: The pregestational body mass index, independently, was not relat- ed to birth weight. However, together with the gestational weight gain, they were positively related to the weight of the newborn.