Imaging neural circuit pathology of autism spectrum disorders: autism-associated genes, animal models and the application of in vivo two-photon imaging.

IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY
Microscopy Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI:10.1093/jmicro/dfab039
H. Terashima, Keiichiro Minatohara, Hisato Maruoka, S. Okabe
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Recent advances in human genetics identified genetic variants involved in causing autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Mouse models that mimic mutations found in patients with ASD exhibit behavioral phenotypes consistent with ASD symptoms. These mouse models suggest critical biological factors of ASD etiology. Another important implication of ASD genetics is the enrichment of ASD risk genes in molecules involved in developing synapses and regulating neural circuit function. Sophisticated in vivo imaging technologies applied to ASD mouse models identify common synaptic impairments in the neocortex, with genetic-mutation-specific defects in local neural circuits. In this article, we review synapse- and circuit-level phenotypes identified by in vivo two-photon imaging in multiple mouse models of ASD and discuss the contributions of altered synapse properties and neural circuit activity to ASD pathogenesis.
自闭症谱系障碍的神经回路病理成像:自闭症相关基因、动物模型和体内双光子成像的应用。
人类遗传学的最新进展确定了导致自闭症谱系障碍(ASDs)的遗传变异。模拟ASD患者突变的小鼠模型表现出与ASD症状一致的行为表型。这些小鼠模型提示ASD病因的关键生物学因素。ASD遗传学的另一个重要含义是参与突触发育和调节神经回路功能的分子中ASD风险基因的富集。复杂的体内成像技术应用于ASD小鼠模型,识别出新皮层中常见的突触损伤,局部神经回路中存在基因突变特异性缺陷。在本文中,我们回顾了通过体内双光子成像在多种ASD小鼠模型中鉴定的突触和回路水平表型,并讨论了突触特性和神经回路活动改变对ASD发病机制的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Microscopy
Microscopy Physics and Astronomy-Instrumentation
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
11.10%
发文量
76
期刊介绍: Microscopy, previously Journal of Electron Microscopy, promotes research combined with any type of microscopy techniques, applied in life and material sciences. Microscopy is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Microscopy.
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