Investigating initial policy responses to COVID-19: evidence across 59 countries

IF 1.4 Q3 ECONOMICS

International Review of Applied Economics Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI:10.1080/02692171.2022.2130187

Amrita Saha, M. Carreras, E. Quak

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT We conduct a review of different support measures adopted by 59 countries as an immediate response to the COVID-19 pandemic using an inclusive development lens across five key areas – health and safety, welfare, finance and credit, taxes and fees and structural measures. Using the information that a policy response was announced or implemented immediately, we propose and provide proxy measures for ‘access’, ‘short-term cover’ and ‘medium- to long-term adequacy’ using secondary data. Then, we construct a COVID-19 Response Inclusiveness (CRI) score – to capture the extent of ‘inclusiveness’ inherent in the support across populations, particularly for the marginalised and more vulnerable. We define and capture inclusion as the equitable distribution of social and economic gains, enhanced well-being and capabilities, with social and political empowerment. Finally, using simple cross-country regressions, we find the initial COVID-19 cases, changes in mobility and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita as key characteristics that were significantly associated with our measured extent of inclusiveness in countries’ response packages in the immediate aftermath of the crisis.

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调查新冠肺炎的初步政策应对措施：59个国家的证据

摘要：我们对59个国家为应对新冠肺炎疫情而采取的不同支持措施进行了审查，从健康和安全、福利、金融和信贷、税收和费用以及结构措施等五个关键领域的包容性发展角度出发。利用立即宣布或实施政策回应的信息，我们提出并提供了使用二级数据的“准入”、“短期覆盖”和“中长期充分性”的代理措施。然后，我们构建了新冠肺炎应对包容性（CRI）评分，以捕捉跨人群支持中固有的“包容性”程度，尤其是对边缘化和更脆弱人群的支持。我们将包容性定义为公平分配社会和经济收益，增强福祉和能力，赋予社会和政治权力。最后，使用简单的跨国回归，我们发现最初的新冠肺炎病例、流动性变化和人均国内生产总值（GDP）是关键特征，这些特征与我们衡量的危机后各国一揽子应对措施的包容性程度密切相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Review of Applied Economics ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： International Review of Applied Economics is devoted to the practical applications of economic ideas. Applied economics is widely interpreted to embrace empirical work and the application of economics to the evaluation and development of economic policies. The interaction between empirical work and economic policy is an important feature of the journal. The Journal is peer reviewed and international in scope. Articles that draw lessons from the experience of one country for the benefit of others, or that seek to make cross-country comparisons are particularly welcomed. Contributions which discuss policy issues from theoretical positions neglected in other journals are also encouraged.