Sand filtration for greywater treatment: long-term performance evaluation and optimization by response surface methodology

IF 1.6 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 WATER RESOURCES

Urban Water Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI:10.1080/1573062X.2023.2179928

I. Shaikh, M. Ahammed

引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT Greywater treatment and reuse is getting increasing attention all over the world, and sand filters are one of the on-site greywater treatment alternatives. Effects of media size, media depth and flow rates on the performance of the continuously operated saturated sand filters treating greywater were evaluated in this study. River sand of three different media sizes 0.30-0.60 (fine), 0.60-0.85 (medium), and 0.85-1.18 (coarse) mm was used and sand filters with the same media size were constructed and operated at flow rates of 10 (320 L/m2/day), 20 and 30 L/d. Fine sand media filter operated at a hydraulic loading rate of 320 L/m2/day gave the best performance with 99, 94 and 95% removal of turbidity, BOD and COD, respectively. NH4-N, PO4-P and FC were reduced by 84, 99% and 1.65 log, respectively. An optimization study showed an optimum sand size of 0.68 mm and a hydraulic loading rate of 470 L/m2/day.

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灰水处理砂滤：响应面法的长期性能评估和优化

灰水处理和回用越来越受到世界各地的关注，砂滤器是现场灰水处理的替代方案之一。本研究评估了介质尺寸、介质深度和流速对连续运行饱和砂滤器处理灰水性能的影响。使用了0.30-0.60（细）、0.60-0.85（中）和0.85-1.18（粗）三种不同介质尺寸的河砂，并建造了具有相同介质尺寸的砂滤器，并在10（320 L/m2/天）、20和30 L/d的流速下运行。在320L/m2/天的水力负荷率下运行的细砂介质过滤器表现出最佳的性能，浊度、BOD和COD的去除率分别为99%、94%和95%。NH4-N、PO4-P和FC分别降低了84、99%和1.65 log。优化研究表明，最佳砂粒尺寸为0.68mm，水力加载速率为470L/m2/天。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Urban Water Journal WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

11.10%

发文量

101

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Urban Water Journal provides a forum for the research and professional communities dealing with water systems in the urban environment, directly contributing to the furtherance of sustainable development. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of interrelationships and interactions between the individual water systems, urban water bodies and the wider environment. The Journal encourages the adoption of an integrated approach, and system''s thinking to solve the numerous problems associated with sustainable urban water management. Urban Water Journal focuses on the water-related infrastructure in the city: namely potable water supply, treatment and distribution; wastewater collection, treatment and management, and environmental return; storm drainage and urban flood management. Specific topics of interest include: network design, optimisation, management, operation and rehabilitation; novel treatment processes for water and wastewater, resource recovery, treatment plant design and optimisation as well as treatment plants as part of the integrated urban water system; demand management and water efficiency, water recycling and source control; stormwater management, urban flood risk quantification and management; monitoring, utilisation and management of urban water bodies including groundwater; water-sensitive planning and design (including analysis of interactions of the urban water cycle with city planning and green infrastructure); resilience of the urban water system, long term scenarios to manage uncertainty, system stress testing; data needs, smart metering and sensors, advanced data analytics for knowledge discovery, quantification and management of uncertainty, smart technologies for urban water systems; decision-support and informatic tools;...