Sex differences in the association of adverse childhood experiences on past 30-day opioid misuse among Florida justice-involved children

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Farwah Zaidi , Micah E. Johnson , Zahra Akbari , Enya B. Vroom , Skye C. Bristol
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Abstract

Introduction

Opioid misuse remains a chief public health concern in the United States, especially among justice-involved children and adolescents (JIC). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent among JIC and are associated with a higher risk for opioid misuse. Justice involvement can be harsher for females, who tend to have higher ACE scores and experience more physiological and psychological risk factors than males. However, this study was the first to examine how sex may moderate the link between ACEs and opioid misuse. This study hypothesized that females will have higher odds of opioid misuse than males with equivalent ACEs.

Methods

The study team examined cross-sectional data on 79,960 JIC in the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice from 2007 to 2015. The study measured ACEs using 10 questions from the Positive Achievement Change Tool. Opioid misuse was reported by either self-disclosure, positive urinalysis, or other evidence of opioid consumption within the past 30 days. The team estimated logistic regression, marginal effects, and multiplicative interaction terms to test the hypotheses.

Results

JIC with an ACE score of 4 or higher were 2.59 times more likely to misuse opioids than JIC with lower ACE scores. Among JIC with 4 or more ACEs, females had significantly higher odds of opioid misuse than males.

Conclusion

Reducing exposure to ACEs may decrease the risk for opioid misuse, particularly among females. These findings corroborate trauma-informed and sex-responsive prevention programs in the juvenile justice system.

佛罗里达州司法参与儿童过去30天阿片类药物滥用的不良童年经历的性别差异。
阿片类药物滥用仍然是美国主要的公共卫生问题,特别是在涉及司法的儿童和青少年(JIC)中。不良童年经历(ace)在JIC中普遍存在,并与阿片类药物滥用的高风险相关。与男性相比,女性的ACE分数更高,生理和心理风险因素也更多,因此她们参与司法审判的难度可能更大。然而,这项研究首次探讨了性行为如何缓和ace和阿片类药物滥用之间的联系。该研究假设,与同等ace的男性相比,女性滥用阿片类药物的几率更高。研究小组检查了2007年至2015年佛罗里达州少年司法部门79,960名JIC的横断面数据。该研究使用积极成就改变工具中的10个问题来衡量ace。通过自我披露、尿检阳性或过去30天内阿片类药物消费的其他证据来报告阿片类药物滥用。该团队估计了逻辑回归、边际效应和乘法交互项来检验假设。结果ACE评分在4分及以上的青少年滥用阿片类药物的可能性是ACE评分较低的青少年的2.59倍。在有4次及以上ace的JIC中,女性滥用阿片类药物的几率明显高于男性。结论减少暴露于ace可降低阿片类药物滥用的风险,尤其是在女性中。这些发现证实了青少年司法系统中的创伤信息和性反应预防项目。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
10.30%
发文量
220
期刊介绍: The Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (JSAT) features original reviews, training and educational articles, special commentary, and especially research articles that are meaningful to the treatment of alcohol, heroin, marijuana, and other drugs of dependence. JSAT is directed toward treatment practitioners from all disciplines (medicine, nursing, social work, psychology, and counseling) in both private and public sectors, including those involved in schools, health centers, community agencies, correctional facilities, and individual practices. The editors emphasize that JSAT articles should address techniques and treatment approaches that can be used directly by contemporary practitioners.
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