Characterization of groundnut shell powder as a potential reinforcement for biocomposites

Q2 Materials Science
M. Usman, I. Momohjimoh, A. Usman
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Natural fibers are becoming the right candidate material as a substitute for glass fibers in the reinforcement of plastic polymers for various applications. The ease of their processing with minimal energy consumption and the quest to produce biodegradable plastics with lightweight has given natural fibers comparative advantages over synthetic fibers. In this study, groundnut shell powder (GSP) in different forms (untreated, sodium hydroxide treated and ash) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate their possible utilization as reinforcement in polymers. GSP was treated with sodium hydroxide for 5 hrs and dried in vacuum for 24 hrs to obtain treated GSP while ash GSP was formed by heating GSP in the furnace at 600 °C for about 3 hrs. The results reveal that sodium hydroxide treatment was very effective in the breaking down of the hydrogen bond with a consequent reduction in the hydrophilicity of the GSP. This would promote GSP bonding with the hydrophobic polymer matrix in the development of natural fiber reinforced plastic polymer composite materials. Ash GSP was found to have the highest crystallinity among the three forms of GSP based on XRD results. Therefore, the result achieved in this work confirmed that treated and ash GSP fibers are good reinforcement material in the production of polymer composites, with the actual choice depending on end-use property requirements of the composite.
花生壳粉末作为生物复合材料潜在增强材料的表征
天然纤维正在成为玻璃纤维在各种应用中增强塑料聚合物的合适候选材料。天然纤维易于加工,能耗极低,而且对生产轻质可生物降解塑料的追求使得天然纤维比合成纤维具有相对优势。本文采用x射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、x射线荧光(XRF)、核磁共振(NMR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对不同形态(未经处理、氢氧化钠处理和灰分)的花生壳粉末(GSP)进行了表征,以评价其作为聚合物增强材料的可能性。GSP用氢氧化钠处理5小时,真空干燥24小时,得到处理后的GSP, GSP在炉内600℃加热约3小时形成灰GSP。结果表明,氢氧化钠处理可以很有效地破坏氢键,从而降低GSP的亲水性。这将促进GSP与疏水聚合物基体的键合,促进天然纤维增强塑料高分子复合材料的发展。XRD结果表明,三种GSP中灰分GSP结晶度最高。因此,本工作的结果证实了经过处理的和灰化的GSP纤维在聚合物复合材料的生产中是很好的增强材料,实际的选择取决于复合材料的最终用途性能要求。
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来源期刊
Polymers from Renewable Resources
Polymers from Renewable Resources Materials Science-Polymers and Plastics
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: Polymers from Renewable Resources, launched in 2010, publishes leading peer reviewed research that is focused on the development of renewable polymers and their application in the production of industrial, consumer, and medical products. The progressive decline of fossil resources, together with the ongoing increases in oil prices, has initiated an increase in the search for alternatives based on renewable resources for the production of energy. The prevalence of petroleum and carbon based chemistry for the production of organic chemical goods has generated a variety of initiatives aimed at replacing fossil sources with renewable counterparts. In particular, major efforts are being conducted in polymer science and technology to prepare macromolecular materials based on renewable resources. Also gaining momentum is the utilisation of vegetable biomass either by the separation of its components and their development or after suitable chemical modification. This journal is a valuable addition to academic, research and industrial libraries, research institutions dealing with the use of natural resources and materials science and industrial laboratories concerned with polymer science.
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