Transforming Growth Factor-Beta and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Interplay in Cancer

Abstract

Received: May 31, 2017 Revised: August 08, 2017 Accepted: August 18, 2017 Abstract: Background: Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a double role in cancer through its capacity to inhibit early stages of tumors while enhancing tumor progression at late stages of tumor progression. Moreover, TGF-β1 is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine within the tumor microenvironment that allows cancer cells to escape from immune surveillance, which largely contributes to the tumor progression.