Osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is an important public health problem. It is defined in the individual by a low bone mineral density and a high risk of fracture. It is a consequence of a low peak bone mass or accelerated bone loss, or both. Oestrogen deficiency and ageing are important causes of accelerated bone loss as are a number of drugs and diseases. Treatments for osteoporosis are effective at reducing the risk of further fracture and these include drugs that work by inhibiting bone resorption or stimulating bone formation. Bisphosphonates are the drugs most commonly used for osteoporosis and most guidelines recommend a drug holiday after treatment for 5 years.