Long‐term monitoring of the microbial quality and Legionnaires' disease risk in tap water from mass catering establishments

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water and Environment Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI:10.1111/wej.12899

Murat Ay

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Legionnaires' disease is caused by Legionella (L.) pneumophila. Inhaling aerosolized water containing this bacteria is the most common transmission route. Shower heads used in the catering industry's dishwashing units are also potential amplifying systems for bacteria and possible sources of infection by generating droplets and aerosols. Therefore, these systems should not contain pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to monitor the microbial quality, Legionnaires' disease risk and L. pneumophila presence in tap water samples from the water outlet of the shower‐type dishwashing unit of mass catering establishments for a year. Seventy‐two tap water samples were microbiologically tested for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform, Escherichia (E.) coli and L. pneumophila. DNA was isolated from L. pneumophila‐positive samples, and their serogroup was characterized by real‐time PCR. The correlation between seasonal variation and prevalence of L. pneumophila serogroup and L. pneumophila and other indicator bacteria were statistically tested by Spearman rank test (p < 0.05). Findings showed that 17 (24%) samples had microbial growth, 14 (19.4%) were positive for L. pneumophila and 13 isolates were characterized as L. pneumophila serogroup 1. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between seasonal variation (p = 0.491) and L. pneumophila and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, coliform and E. coli (p = 0.923). Overall, Legionella spp. is an essential indicator of the microbial quality in the tap water from mass catering establishments and should be regularly monitored for public health independently from seasonal variation and other indicator bacteria.

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大规模餐饮场所自来水中微生物质量和军团病风险的长期监测

军团病是由嗜肺军团菌引起的。吸入含有这种细菌的雾化水是最常见的传播途径。餐饮业洗碗装置中使用的淋浴头也是潜在的细菌放大系统，通过产生飞沫和气溶胶，可能是感染源。因此，这些系统不应含有致病菌。本研究旨在监测大规模餐饮场所淋浴式洗碗机出水口的自来水样本中的微生物质量、军团病风险和嗜肺乳杆菌的存在，为期一年。对72个自来水样本进行了总嗜中温需氧菌数、大肠菌群、大肠杆菌和嗜肺乳杆菌的微生物学检测。从嗜肺乳菌阳性样本中分离出DNA，并通过实时PCR对其血清群进行了表征。采用Spearman秩检验对季节变化与嗜肺乳杆菌血清群、嗜肺乳球菌及其他指示菌患病率的相关性进行统计学检验（p< 结果显示，17个（24%）样品具有微生物生长，14个（19.4%）嗜肺乳杆菌阳性，13个分离株被鉴定为嗜肺乳球菌血清组1。统计分析显示季节变化之间没有显著相关性（p= 0.491）和嗜肺乳杆菌、嗜中温需氧菌总数、大肠菌群和大肠杆菌（p= 0.923）。总的来说，军团菌是衡量大众餐饮场所自来水中微生物质量的重要指标，应定期监测公众健康，不受季节变化和其他指示细菌的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water and Environment Journal 环境科学-湖沼学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： Water and Environment Journal is an internationally recognised peer reviewed Journal for the dissemination of innovations and solutions focussed on enhancing water management best practice. Water and Environment Journal is available to over 12,000 institutions with a further 7,000 copies physically distributed to the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM) membership, comprised of environment sector professionals based across the value chain (utilities, consultancy, technology suppliers, regulators, government and NGOs). As such, the journal provides a conduit between academics and practitioners. We therefore particularly encourage contributions focussed at the interface between academia and industry, which deliver industrially impactful applied research underpinned by scientific evidence. We are keen to attract papers on a broad range of subjects including: -Water and wastewater treatment for agricultural, municipal and industrial applications -Sludge treatment including processing, storage and management -Water recycling -Urban and stormwater management -Integrated water management strategies -Water infrastructure and distribution -Climate change mitigation including management of impacts on agriculture, urban areas and infrastructure